数控车床刀尖圆弧半径补偿的原理和应用  

Principle and Application of Tool Tip Radius Compensation of CNC Lathe

作　　者：郑小伟 闫晓 王炤 申庆伟 孟必君 李杰 Zheng Xiaowei;Yan Xiao;Wang Zhao

机构地区：[1]大同北方天力增压技术有限公司,山西大同037036

出　　处：《机械制造》2024年第3期83-86,97,共5页Machinery

摘　　要：介绍数控系统的相对坐标系和绝对坐标系,提出数控系统的执行系统和刀具监视点,为数控车床实现刀尖圆弧半径补偿进行理论铺垫。通过图示说明在没有刀尖圆弧半径补偿时,加工锥面、圆弧面、曲面时会存在偏差。对此,提出两种数控车床刀尖圆弧半径补偿方法,分别为直接补偿法和轮廓轨迹偏移补偿法。对比两种补偿方法,并给出轮廓轨迹偏移补偿法在数控系统中的实现过程。The relative coordinate system and absolute coordinate system of CNC system were introduced,and the execution system and tool monitoring point of CNC system were put forward,which lays a theoretical foundation for realizing the tool tip radius compensation of CNC lathe.It is graphically demonstrated that the deviation emerges at machining conical surface,circular arc surface and curved surface without the assistance of tool tip radius compensation.Herein,two methods of tool tip radius compensation of CNC lathe were proposed,namely direct compensation method and contour trajectory offset compensation method.The two compensation methods were compared,and the realization process of contour trajectory offset compensation method in CNC system was given.

关 键 词：数控车床 刀尖 圆弧半径 补偿 原理 应用 

分 类 号：TG659[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]