Ni、Zr对Al-Si-Cu-Mg合金组织与高温力学性能的影响  

Effects of Ni and Zr on Microstructure and High Temperature Mechanical Properties of Al-Si-Cu-Mg Alloy

作　　者：路通 邱楚 张跃波 薛冠霞 宋炜 刘涛 李虎田 Lu Tong;Qiu Chu;Zhang Yuebo;Xue Guanxia;Song Wei;Liu Tao;Li Hutian(Suzhou Branch,Chinalco Materials Application Research Institute Co.Ltd.,Suzhou 215026;Chinalco Materials Application Research Institute Co.Ltd.,Beijing 102209)

机构地区：[1]中铝材料应用研究院有限公司苏州分公司,苏州215026 [2]中铝材料应用研究院有限公司,北京102209

出　　处：《特种铸造及有色合金》2024年第3期419-423,共5页Special Casting & Nonferrous Alloys

摘　　要：利用金属型铸造开展了Al-Si-Cu-Mg过共晶活塞合金的制备,通过Thermo-Calc软件对不同合金中耐热相的体积分数进行计算,结合扫描电镜(SEM)和透射电镜(TEM)对合金的组织进行定量金相分析,同时对合金在350℃下的力学性能进行测试,研究了不同Ni和Zr含量对铸造Al-Si-Cu-Mg基过共晶活塞合金显微组织和力学性能的影响,分析了金属间化合物形貌和面积分数与力学性能的对应关系。结果表明,随着Ni含量增加,Al-12.5Si-4.0Cu-1.0Mg合金在350℃下的抗拉强度和屈服强度逐渐增加,伸长率逐渐降低,组织中的Al_(3)Ni和Al_(3)CuNi相的数量增多,并且形貌由针状和棒状逐步演变成块状和团簇状,耐热相面积分数也有明显增加;随着Zr含量增加,Al-12.5Si-4Cu-1.0Mg-1.5Ni合金的抗拉强度和屈服强度先降低后升高,伸长率逐渐增大,组织中的AlSiNiZr相数量逐渐增多,并且耐热相面积分数逐渐增大。Al_(3)Zr沿着铝基体[001]轴析出,并且与铝基体共格,形成高温强化相,通过强化铝基体提高了合金的高温强度。Al-Si-Cu-Mg hypereutectic piston alloy was prepared by metal mold casting.The volume fraction of heat resistant phase in different alloys was calculated by Thermo-Calc software.The microstructure of alloy was observed by scanning electron microscope(SEM)and transmission electron microscope(TEM),and the mechanical property test was carried out at 350℃.Effects of Ni and Zr contents on microstructure and mechanical properties of cast hypereutectic Al-Si-Cu-Mg piston alloy were investigated,and the relationships between morphology,area percentage of intermetallic compounds and mechanical properties were analyzed.The results indicate that the tensile strength and yield strength of Al-12.5Si-4.0Cu-1.0Mg alloy at 350℃are gradually increased and the elongation is gradually decreased with the increase of Ni content.The amount of Al_(3)Ni and Al_(3)CuNi phases is increased and the morphology is gradually tranformed from fine strip and rod to bulk and cluster,while the percentage of heat-resistant phase area is also increased obviously.With the increase of Zr content,the tensile strength and yield strength of Al-12.5Si-4Cu-1.0Mg-1.5Ni alloy are decreased firstly and then increased,while the elongation is increased gradually.The amount of AlSiNi Zr phase and volume fraction of heat-resistant phase are increased gradually.Al_(3)Zr is precipitated along the aluminum matrix[001]axis,and collocated with the aluminum matrix to form a high temperature strengthening phase,improving the high temperature strength of alloy by strengthening aluminum matrix.

关 键 词：过共晶活塞合金 耐热相 显微组织 力学性能 

分 类 号：TG146.21[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]