基于PSCAD的独立光储微电网雷电感应过电压防护研究  

Lightning Induced Overvoltage Protection for anIndependent Microgrid Equipped with the Photovoltaic andEnergy Storage System Based on PSCAD

作　　者：金耀 许健 JIN Yao;XU Jian(State Grid Anhui Electric Power Co.,Ltd.,Hefei 230000,China;NARI Technology Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 210000,China)

机构地区：[1]国网安徽省电力有限公司,合肥230000 [2]国电南瑞科技股份有限公司,南京210000

出　　处：《电瓷避雷器》2024年第1期59-67,共9页Insulators and Surge Arresters

摘　　要：光储微电网是解决偏远地区供电问题的重要手段,有必要做好雷电感应过电压防护以确保系统长期稳定运行。利用PSCAD软件搭建独立光储微电网仿真电路模型,计算微电网内埋地电缆雷电感应过电压,分析感应过电压在系统直流侧和交流侧的传递特性,讨论电缆埋深和电缆长度对过电压幅值的影响,最后分析安装SPD防护效果。研究结果表明:当独立光储微电网直流侧发生雷击时,埋地电缆感应产生较高幅值的过电压,过电压沿线缆传递至光伏阵列和储能系统,交流侧设备不受影响,同样,当交流侧发生雷击时,电缆感应过电压传递至逆变器交流侧和箱变前端,直流侧设备不受影响。电缆埋得越深,传递至光储微电网主要部件的感应过电压衰减越厉害。随着光伏阵列与逆变器、逆变器与箱变间连接电缆长度的增加,光伏阵列过电压减小,储能电池和箱变前端过电压增大,逆变器交流侧过电压则变化不大。在独立光储微电网系统主要部件前端安装SPD后,感应过电压得到有效遏制,能够实现对内部电气电子元件的精密防护。The independent microgrid equipped with the photovoltaic energy storage system is an important way to solve power supply problems in remote areas,so it is central to provide a proper lightning surgeprotection for its long-term stable operation.In this paper,the equivalent circuit of an independent microgrid was modelled in the PSCAD.Lightning induced overvoltages of the buried cable were calculat⁃ed.Transfer characteristics of the induced overvoltages in the DC and AC side of the system were ana⁃lyzed as well as influence of buried depth and cable lengths.Protective effects of SPDs were also ana⁃lyzed.Research results show that:serious induced overvoltageoccurs inthe buried cable when lightning stroke near the DC inverter,overvoltage may pass along the buried cable to the PV array and battery en⁃ergy storage while the AC side of the system suffers no effectsand vice versa.Transient overvoltages of the main equipment attenuate with the increase of cable buried depth.Increase of the connected cable length results in decrease of overvoltage of the PV array and increase of the battery energy storage as well as package transformer,while overvoltage of the inverter fluctuates within a narrow range.Effective protec⁃tion of internal electronic components is provided when the SPDs are installed,so it is suggested to install SPD at the front of the equipment in the independent microgrid.

关 键 词：雷电 独立微电网 光伏储能系统 感应过电压 电涌保护器 

分 类 号：TM863[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术] TM615