从“数量名+NP”话题句看话题和述题的复杂依存关系  

The Complex Dependency between Topics and Comments in Chinese

作　　者：宋文辉[1] SONG Wen-hui(School of Liberal Arts,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学文学院,北京100872

出　　处：《汉语学习》2024年第2期3-9,共7页Chinese Language Learning

基　　金：中国人民大学科学研究基金(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助)重大项目“现代汉语语法关系语法化程度及相关问题研究”(项目编号:20XNL018)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：汉语“数量名+NP”在特定语境中可作话题,被赋予定指理解,但同时也凸显数量特征,是有标记话题。该结构要求述题须表达数量特征,但受句子体特征和语用因素影响其内部也有细微差别。“数量名”话题自身的特征与“话题—述题”的陈述关系决定结构对述题的要求,而述题的构造和语义也有助于话题指称类型的理解,二者相互依存。This paper argued that the reference of topics can affect the form of comments.When the topic is a“number+classifier+N”NP,it requires the comment of the sentence must have a element which has meaning of quantity in it;when the topic is a definite NP,it has no that kind of requirement.The reason of this phenomenon is that“number+classifier+N”NPs contain the quantity of possible object and definite NPs contain the quantity of object existing in the context of the discourse.

关 键 词：“数量名”NP 指称类型 话题 述题 零形回指 

分 类 号：H146.3[语言文字—汉语]