脑卒中残疾患者情绪障碍及相关因素调查  

Self-perception level of stroke patients with disabilities and the infl uencing factors

作　　者：陈胜棣 吴明财 危娟 陆妍楠 陈永华 CHEN Shengdi;WU Mingcai;WEI Juan;LU Yannan;CHEN Yonghua(Guangzhou Panyu District Central Hospital,Guangzhou 511400,China)

机构地区：[1]广州市番禺区中心医院急诊科,广东省广州市511400

出　　处：《护理实践与研究》2024年第4期516-521,共6页Nursing Practice and Research

基　　金：广州市卫生健康委员会科技项目(编号:20201A011118)。

摘　　要：目的 探讨脑卒中后残疾患者情绪障碍情况及相关影响因素,为制定针对性干预措施提供探索依据。方法 选取2021年6月—2023年4月医院收治的336例脑卒中后残疾患者作为调查对象,采用一般资料问卷、自我厌恶量表、Barthel指数(BI)、伤残接受度量表和社会支持评定量表对脑卒中后残疾患者进行调查分析,共发放问卷336份,回收有效问卷304份,采用多元线性回归分析自我厌恶的影响因素。结果 脑卒中后残疾患者自我厌恶得分为39.65±7.11分。单因素分析显示,不同性别、年龄、工作状态的脑卒中后残疾患者自我厌恶总分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。脑卒中后残疾患者自我厌恶总分与BI指数、伤残接受度总分及各维度得分、社会支持总分及各维度得分均呈负相关(P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析显示,性别、年龄、BI指数、伤残接受度总分、社会支持总分是脑卒中后残疾患者自我厌恶的影响因素,这5个因素能够预测53.1%的总变异。结论 脑卒中后残疾患者自我厌恶水平较高,医护人员应早期评估并识别自我厌恶水平高的脑卒中后残疾患者。其中女性脑卒中后残疾患者自我厌恶水平高于男性,年轻的脑卒中后残疾患者自我厌恶水平更高,BI指数(自理程度)得分低的脑卒中后残疾患者自我厌恶水平更高。因此,应给予女性、年轻、自理程度差的患者更多关注,增强其伤残接受度和社会支持水平,降低脑卒中后残疾患者的自我厌恶水平,加强对其健康信息支持并及时疏导负性情绪,鼓励患者亲友对患者增加实质性的援助与情感支持。Objective To explore the level of self-loathing and the influencing factors in disabled patients after stroke.Methods 336 post-stroke patients with disabilities admitted to the hospital from June 2021 to April 2023 were selected as survey subjects,and 336 questionnaires were distributed and analyzed using a general information questionnaire,a self-loathing scale,the Barthel Index(BI),the Disability Acceptance Scale(DAS),and the Social Support Scale(SSAS),and 304 questionnaires were recovered and analyzed.The questionnaires were distributed to 336 patients with disabilities after stroke,and 304 questionnaires were collected,and the influence factors of self-loathing were analyzed by multiple linear regression.Results The self-loathing score of patients with disabilities after stroke was 39.65±7.11 points.Conclusion The level of self-loathing was high in patients with disabilities after stroke,and healthcare professionals should assess and recognize patients with disabilities after stroke with high levels of self-loathing at an early stage.The level of self-loathing was higher in female than male patients with post-stroke disability,higher in younger patients with post-stroke disability,and higher in patients with post-stroke disability who had a low BI score(self-care level).Therefore,more attention should be paid to female,young,and poor self-care patients to enhance their disability acceptance and social support,reduce the level of self-loathing in post-stroke patients with disabilities,strengthen the support of their health information and channel their negative emotions in time,and encourage patients'relatives and friends to increase substantial assistance and emotional support for them.

关 键 词：脑卒中 残疾 自我厌恶 伤残接受度 自理程度 社会支持 情绪障碍 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]