不同筛分方式对土壤团聚体及土壤微生物群落的影响  

Effects of different screening methods on soil aggregates and soil microbial communities

作　　者：崔炎田 王呈玉[1,2] 姚俊红 王东 李明怡 高云航 刘淑霞[1,2] CUI Yan-tian;WANG Cheng-yu;YAO Jun-hong;WANG Dong;LI Ming-yi;GAO Yun-hang;LIU Shu-xia(College of Resources and Environment,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun Jilin 130118;Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Soil Resources in Commodity Grain Base of Jilin Province,Changchun Jilin 130118;College of Animal Science and Technology,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun Jilin 130118)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学资源与环境学院,吉林长春130118 [2]吉林省商品粮基地土壤资源可持续利用重点实验室,吉林长春130118 [3]吉林农业大学动物科技学院,吉林长春130118

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2024年第1期37-42,共6页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：吉林省自然科学基金(20210101100JC);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-37)。

摘　　要：探究土壤团聚体组成、稳定性、有机碳含量及微生物数量在不同土壤筛分方式下的变化,对团聚体筛分方式进行优化。以黑土为研究对象,设置不同筛分方式处理,比较干土干筛、干土湿筛、润土干筛、润土湿筛4种筛分方式的优缺点。结果表明,润土干筛比干土湿筛处理≥2 mm粒径的土壤团聚体高出约85.97%,而在2~0.25、≤0.25 mm粒级中团聚体所占比例最高的干土湿筛比最低的润土干筛分别高出约80.90%、91.82%。>0.25 mm水稳性团聚体含量(R0.25)在润土干筛下达到最高,为99.35%,该指标与土壤团聚体稳定性成正相关,其值越高则表示土壤抗蚀能力越强。干土湿筛处理下各粒级团聚体土壤有机碳分布平均。干土湿筛处理下,土壤细菌和放线菌的数量最高。而润土干筛处理下土壤真菌数量较高,与润土湿筛、干土干筛、干土湿筛3个处理方式相比有显著性差异。综上发现,干土湿筛处理下土壤团聚体稳定性更好,土壤微生物数量较高,在一定程度上对土壤结构、土壤质量起到优化的作用。This research aimed to explore the influence of soil aggregate composition,stability,organic carbon content and microbial number under different screening methods,and optimize the aggregate screening methods.Black soil was taken as the research object,four treatments with different screening methods were set up,including dry screening of dry soil,wet screening of dry soil,dry screening of moist soil,and wet screening of moist soil.The advantages and disadvantages of these screening methods were compared.The results showed that soil aggregates with particle size≥2 mm of the dry screening of moist soil treatment was about 85.97%higher than that of the wet screening of dry soil treatment.While for the aggregates in the particle size of 2-0.25 and≤0.25 mm,the wet screening of dry soil treatment had the highest proportion and was about 80.90%and 91.82%higher than those of the moist soil of dry screening,which were the lowest.The content of≥0.25 mm water-stable aggregate(R0.25)reached the highest value of 99.35%under the dry screening of moist soil.The higher the value,the better the stability of soil aggregate and the stronger the soil corrosion resistance.The distribution of soil organic carbon in each particle size aggregate was on average under the treatment of wet screening of dry soil.The number of soil bacteria and actinomycetes was the highest under the wet screening of dry soil treatment.However,the number of soil fungi under the treatment of dry screening of moist soil was higher,which was significantly different from the three treatment methods of wet screening of moist soil,dry screening of dry soil and wet screening of dry soil.To sum up,it is found that the stability of soil aggregates is better and the number of soil microorganisms is higher under the treatment of wet screening of dry soil,which plays an optimization role in soil structure and soil quality to a certain extent.

关 键 词：土壤团聚体 土壤微生物数量 黑土 筛分方式 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学] S152[农业科学—农业基础科学]