一株根际解磷菌的筛选鉴定及促生作用研究  

Screening and identification of a rhizosphere phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and its growth-promoting effect

作　　者：车欣宇 彭启超 张志鹏 张鑫鹏 魏浩 李俊 王莹 黄德龙 邓祖科 CHE Xin-yu;PENG Qi-chao;ZHANG Zhi-peng;ZHANG Xin-peng;WEI Hao;LI Jun;WANG Ying;HUANG De-long;DENG Zu-ke(Beijing Long Age AMMS Biological Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 101200;Shenzhen Batian Ecotypic Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Shenzhen Guangdong 518105)

机构地区：[1]北京世纪阿姆斯生物工程有限公司,北京101200 [2]深圳市芭田生态工程股份有限公司,广东深圳518105

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2024年第1期218-225,共8页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：深圳市科技计划项目(KCXFZ20201221173211033)。

摘　　要：磷在植物生长发育过程中起着重要的作用。为获得优质的解磷促生菌,以北京平谷桃园根际土壤为原料,从中筛选具有较高解磷促生能力的菌株。通过平板试验初筛可产解磷圈的菌株,再进行液态培养,采用钼锑抗比色法测定其最大的解磷能力,并探索菌株解磷能力与pH变化的关系,同时借助盆栽试验研究其促生特性。从桃树根际土共分离筛选出3株解磷菌,编号分别为JP01、JP03和PG62,初步鉴定分别为黑曲霉、杰氏假单胞菌和苍白杆菌。其中,黑曲霉JP01解磷能力优异,其溶解磷酸三钙的能力为112.52 mg/L,对卵磷脂的转化量为145.50 mg/L,最大解磷矿粉能力为95.74 mg/L,在培养过程中,该解磷菌对应的培养液pH显著下降。盆栽试验表明,黑曲霉能增加玉米幼苗株高、茎粗和地下部干重,还可使植株全磷含量增加。本研究结果可为开发解磷微生物菌剂提供优良的菌株资源。Phosphorus played an important role in growth and development of plants.In order to obtain high-quality phosphate-solubilized growth-promoting bacteria,the rhizosphere soil of peach garden in Pinggu district,Beijing was used as the raw material,and the strains with high phosphate-solubilizing and growth-promoting capacity were screened out.The strain that could produce phosphate-solubilizing ring was screened out by plate test and then cultured in liquid state. The maximum phosphate-solubilizing ability of the strain was determined by molybdenum-antimony colorimetric method,and the relationship between the phosphate-solubilizing ability of the strain and pH change was explored. At the same time,the growth-promoting characteristics of the strain were studied by pot experiment. Three phosphate-solubilizing bacteria(JP01, JP03 and PG62)were isolated from the rhizosphere soil of peach tree,and preliminarily identified as Aspergillus niger, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Corynebacterium pallidum. Among them,A. niger JP01 had excellent phosphate solubilizing ability,its ability to dissolve Inorganic phosphorus was 112.52 mg/L,the conversion amount of organic phosphorus was 145.50 mg/L,and the maximum phosphate solubilizing ability was 95.74 mg/L. During the process of culture,the pH of the culture solution corresponding to the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria decreased significantly. The pot experiment showed that A. niger could increase the plant height,stem diameter and underground dry weight of maize seedlings,increase the total phosphorus content of the plants and had a certain effect on soil available phosphorus. The results of this study showed that A. niger met the technical specifications for the development of phosphate-solubilizing microbial fertilizers.

关 键 词：解磷菌 黑曲霉 解磷能力 促生作用 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]