高质量教师流动促进高校发展的域外经验与本土探索  

Overseas Experience and Local Exploration of High-quality Faculty Mobility to Promote the Development of Higher Education

作　　者：彭拥军[1] 杨伟艺 PENG Yong-jun;YANG Wei-yi(School of Education,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan,Hunan 411201,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南科技大学教育学院,湖南湘潭411201

出　　处：《深圳职业技术大学学报》2024年第2期11-20,共10页Journal of Shenzhen Polytechnic University

基　　金：全国教育科学规划(2021年度)国家一般课题“高等教育高质量发展的制度瓶颈研究”(BIA210176)。

摘　　要：高校教师的理性流动是以学术为志业的流动,建基于潜心钻研学术、不断产出优质学术成果的职业追求;是以学术为乐业的流动,表现为努力提高自身专业能力与自主创新力,将学术视为生活的乐趣之源和职业的幸福之源。多元、异质、开放的高校教师队伍结构有助于碰撞出学术思想火花而有效促进教师实现更大自我价值。有鉴于此,高校通过教师流动实现学术生产的持续稳步发展是国际通行做法。综观美国、德国、法国等国家都不难发现,教师流动与高等教育发展相伴相生,也成就了某些世界名校。然而,在我国教师流动实践过程中,明星教师流动高溢价效应与普通教师流动失灵现象并存,教师群体存在过于把金钱作为流动考量因素等现象,使得教师流动遭遇某些诟病。与此同时,为了学术生产力的持续稳定提高,几乎所有高校都试图借助挖人式教师流动来优化自身学术生产能力,致使部分高校又陷入了“对标对表”的数字迷信泥潭。因此,高校教师要转变观念并提高认识,树立科学合理的职业价值观,并借助政府规制与市场调节机制来达成有序流动;高校要明确自身定位并合理规划,实现“外引内培”良性循环,并引入多重维度、多元主体、多种方式并存的教师评价体系,全面推进高等教育整体性高质量发展。The rational mobility of university faculty is a movement driven by a dedication to scholarship,grounded in the pursuit of academic research to continuously produce high-quality academic results;it is a movement that finds joy in academia,characterized by striving to enhance one’s professional capabilities and independent innovation,viewing scholarship as the source of joy in life and the wellspring of professional fulfillment.A diverse,heterogeneous,and open structure of the university faculty helps to spark academic ideas and effectively promotes the realization of greater self-worth for teachers.It’s an international norm for universities to achieve sustained and steady development in academic production through faculty mobility.A review of countries such as the United States,Germany,and France reveals that teacher mobility goes hand in hand with the development of higher education,contributing to the success of some world-renowned institutions and universities.In China,high premium effect of star teachers’mobility coexists with the dysfunction in the mobility of average teachers.Some teachers excessively focus on money as a factor in mobility decisions,which has led to certain criticisms.Meanwhile,almost all universities attempt to optimize their academic productivity through aggressive recruitment of star teachers,falling into the trap of blindly following numerical targets.To achieve the overall high-quality development of higher education in China,university faculty should change their mindset and establish scientific and reasonable professional values to achieve orderly mobility with the help of government regulations and market adjustment mechanisms.Universities should clarify their positioning and plan accordingly,create a virtuous cycle of“attracting external talents while nurturing internal talents,”and introduce a multi-dimensional,multi-agent,and diverse faculty evaluation system to promote the high-quality development of higher education as a whole.

关 键 词：高校教师流动 高质量发展 域外经验 本土探索 

分 类 号：G640[文化科学—高等教育学]