中国基层社会治理中的士绅传统——基于“国家-社会”互构的视角  

The Tradition of“Local Squire Governance”in China’s Local Society Governance——From the Perspective of Mutual Construction of“the State Authority and the Society”

作　　者：王雄刚 Wang Xionggang

机构地区：[1]甘肃社会主义学院统战理论教研部

出　　处：《兰州学刊》2024年第3期97-112,共16页

基　　金：中央社院统一战线高端智库课题“西部地区新乡贤融入基层统战工作研究”(项目编号:ZK20230228);甘肃社会主义学院2023年专项课题(创新工程科研支撑项目)“发展新乡贤基层协商民主路径研究”(项目编号:GSSYZB202306)。

摘　　要：“士绅传统”在中国国家治理体系中由来已久,士绅群体一直被认为是传统社会颇具活动能量的特殊阶层,是名副其实的地方权威,是社会的“中间阶层”,构成中国国家治理中的重要一维。纵观士绅的形成和发展,特定时期的确存在“土豪劣绅”现象,但总体而言,士绅充当着沟通国家政权与基层民众的“桥梁”,有效回避或缓冲了因国家与社会相分离而产生的冲突,维系着传统社会基本面的平稳。时至今日,在致力于推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的时代语境中,深入发掘士绅传统中的优良因子,一方面可为“中国之治”的纵深推进提供本土化治理经验;另一方面,希冀更好发挥以史鉴今、资政育人作用。The tradition of“local squire governance”has played a historic and important part in the system of Chinese state governance,which has always been regarded as a special stratum with considerable social activity energy and as a real local authority who acts as a middle class in Chinese society and forms a critical dimension among the Chinese state governance system.Looking back on the process of local squires’origin and development,there have indeed existed the cases of“local tyrants and evil gentry”in certain periods of history.However,in general sense,local squires have mainly acted as a bridge to connect the state authority and the public,which has effectively avoided and retarded the conflicts rooted from the partition of the state authority and the public so that they have maintained the stability of the traditional society.Up to now,in the context of carrying forward the modernization of state governance system and state governance capacity,on one hand,finding out the excellent factors in the tradition of“local squire governance”can supply a localized governance experience for the deep exploration of Chinese state governance.On the other hand,hopefully,it can play a better part in“learning from history and educating people by politics”.

关 键 词：士绅传统 基层社会治理 “国家—社会”互构 中间阶层 

分 类 号：C91[经济管理]