孔挤压强化技术研究进展  

Research progress of hole expansion strengthening technology

作　　者：刘飞 苏宏华[1] 徐九华[1] 梁勇楠 葛恩德 凡志磊 LIU Fei;SU Hong-hua;XU Jiu-hua;LIANG Yong-nan;GE En-de;FAN Zhi-lei(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China;COMAC Shanghai Aircraft Manufacturing Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200436,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学机电学院,江苏南京210016 [2]中国商飞上海飞机制造有限公司,上海200436

出　　处：《塑性工程学报》2024年第3期1-16,共16页Journal of Plasticity Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金创新研究群体资助项目(51921003);江苏省科研与实践创新计划项目(KYCX21_0196);国家商用飞机制造工程技术研究中心创新基金资助项目(COMAC-SFGS-607)。

摘　　要：概述了直接、间接和复合孔挤压强化的研究现状,从残余应力与微观组织的角度总结了孔挤压强化的抗疲劳强化机理,基于孔结构的疲劳寿命和断口形貌详细分析了孔挤压强化的疲劳性能。研究结果表明,孔挤压强化的孔结构孔壁形成残余压应力,孔结构受到外加交变载荷时孔壁残余压应力能够抵消部分外加交变载荷产生的拉应力,降低了受载孔结构孔壁的应力峰值和平均应力;孔挤压强化的孔结构孔壁发生剧烈的塑性变形,孔壁微观组织发生细化,形成位错胞状结构,能够抑制晶粒的位错滑移,延缓了疲劳裂纹萌生,增大了疲劳裂纹萌生的门槛值,降低了疲劳裂纹扩展速率;在残余应力和微观组织的共同作用下,提高了孔挤压强化孔结构的疲劳寿命。最后,展望了孔挤压强化的发展趋势和研究问题。The research status of direct,indirect and composite hole expansion strengthening was summarized,the anti-fatigue strengthening mechanism of hole expansion strengthening was summarized from the perspective of residual stress and microstructure.Based on the fatigue life and fracture morphologies of the hole structure,the fatigue performance of hole expansion strengthening was analyzed in detail.The research results show that residual compressive stress is in the hole wall of the hole expansion strengthening structure,and when the hole structure is subjected to external alternating load,the residual compressive stress on the hole wall can offset the tensile stress generated by partial external alternating load,reducing the peak and average stresses on the hole wall of the loaded hole structure.In the hole expansion strengthening structure,severe plastic deformation occurs on the hole wall,and the microstructure of the hole wall is refined to form the dislocation cellular structure,which can inhibit the dislocation slip of the grains,delay the fatigue crack initiation,increase the threshold value for fatigue crack initiation,and retard the fatigue crack propagation rate.Under the combined action of residual stress and microstructure,the fatigue life of the hole structure with hole expansion strengthening is improved.Finally,the development trend and research issues of hole extrusion strengthening were prospected.

关 键 词：孔挤压强化 残余应力 微观组织 疲劳寿命 

分 类 号：V261.2[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航制造工程] TG376.3[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]