陕西秦岭西段典型森林群落数量分类与排序及多样性特征  

Quantitative Classification,Sorting and Diversity Characteristics of Typical Forest Communities in Western Section of the Qinling Mountains,Shaanxi Province

作　　者：崔雨昕 胡宁宁 王丹 孙萌 康冰[1] CUI Yu-xin;HU Ning-ning;WANG Dan;SUN Meng;KANG Bing(College of Life Sciences,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学生命科学学院,陕西杨陵712100

出　　处：《西北林学院学报》2024年第2期173-181,共9页Journal of Northwest Forestry University

基　　金：2019年医疗服务与保障能力提升补助资金项目(中医药事业传承与发展部分第四次全国中药资源普查项目)(财社〔2019〕39号)。

摘　　要：为探究陕西秦岭西段典型森林群落的空间分布格局及其与环境因子的关系,为研究区域森林群落物种多样性保护提供理论依据。分别对摩天岭自然保护区和紫柏山自然保护区进行全面踏查,共选取了20个具有典型植被特征的群落作为样地,通过多元回归树(multivariate regression trees,MRT)对20个样地进行数量分类,使用典范对应分析(canonical correspondence analysis,CCA)进行排序,并对分类得到的森林群落总体多样性进行分析。结果表明,1)对20个样地进行MRT分类,得出陕西秦岭西段典型森林群落可以分为3类,分别为油松-白刺花-野棉花群落、辽东栎-覆盆子-蛇莓群落和华山松-巴山木竹-野青茅群落。2)CCA排序揭示了陕西秦岭西段典型森林群落分布与环境因子的关系,表明海拔是影响研究区域森林群落分布最主要的环境因子,其次是坡向和坡度。3)研究区域森林群落各层次的物种丰富度和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数以及乔木层的Pielou均匀度指数总体上呈沿海拔梯度上升的趋势,而灌木层和草本层的Pielou均匀度指数随海拔梯度波动不大。综上,海拔是影响陕西秦岭西段森林群落组成和分布的主要环境因子,研究结果可为深入探究陕西秦岭西段森林群落的空间分布格局及其物种多样性的保护提供了理论依据。In order to investigate the spatial distribution patterns of typical forest communities in the western part of the Qinling Mountains in Shaanxi and their relationships with environmental factors,and to provide a theoretical basis for studying the conservation of species diversity in regional forest communities,a comprehensive survey was carried out in the Motianling Nature Reserve and Zibaishan Nature Reserve.Twenty communities with typical vegetation characteristics were selected as sample plots,which were quantitatively classified by multivariate regression trees(MRT),ranked by canonical correspondence analysis(CCA),and the overall diversity of forest communities obtained by classification was analyzed.The results showed that 1)MRT classification of 20 plots showed that the typical forest communities of the western section of the Qinling Mountains could be divided into three categories,namely Pinus tabuliformis-Sophora davidii-Anemone vitifolia community,Quercus mongolica-Rubus idaeus-Duchesnea indica community and P.armandii-Arundinaria fargesii-Deyeuxia pyramidalis community.2)CCA ranking revealed the relationship between typical forest community distribution and environmental factors,and the results showed that elevation was the most important environmental factor affecting the distribution of forest communities in the study area,followed by slope aspect and slope gradient.3)The species richness and Shannon-Wiener diversity indices of all levels of the forest communities in the study area and the Pielou evenness index of the tree layer generally showed an increasing trend along the elevation gradient,while the Pielou evenness index of the shrub and herb layers did not fluctuate much with the elevation gradient.In summary,elevation is the main environmental factor affecting the distribution and composition of forest communities in the western part of the Qinling Mountains in Shaanxi,and the results of the study provide a theoretical basis for an in-depth investigation of the spatial distribution patterns of f

关 键 词：多元回归树 典范对应分析 物种多样性 群落分类 秦岭西段 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]