基于中国古典诗词韵部的汉字数字化处理与形音义相关性研究  

The relationship between form,sound,and meaning in chinese characters based on the digital processing of rhyme categories in classical chinese poetry

作　　者：宋耀 刘雨晴 陈奕轩 王兆鹏 SONG Yao;LIU Yu-Qing;CHEN Yi-Xuan;WANG Zhao-Peng(School of Literature and Journalism,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610207,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学文学与新闻学院,成都610207

出　　处：《四川大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第2期199-207,共9页Journal of Sichuan University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大招标课题(19ZDA253);国家社科基金重大委托项目《汉语大字典》修订基金资助。

摘　　要：本文从汉字的形音义联系着手,利用数字化技术处理汉字结构及声律问题.从具有鲜明韵律特征的中国古典诗词韵部出发,选取平水韵中的平仄两种调类作为古音分类的参考依据,包括平声字共4719字,仄声字共6857字.利用像素重叠技术,叠加平水韵中所有的平、仄字至九宫格中,统计分析其字形差异,再通过形态分割提取对应构件进行语义分析.结合《说文解字》释义,本文发现,平声字与仄声字在形态结构上具有部分显著差异,这是因为平声字更多地使用与动物义相关的构件.本文在数字化视域下,首次对汉字形音义相关性进行了宏观特征初探,为未来的汉字数字化研究提供了一个新思路.This paper is to examine the relationship between the form,sound,and meaning of Chinese characters,using digital technology to analyze the structure and phonetic features of characters.Starting with the distinct rhythmic features of the rhyme categories in classical Chinese poetry,the paper selects the level and oblique tones in the Pingshuiyun Book as references for categorizing ancient sounds,including 4719 level tone characters and 6857 oblique tone characters.By employing pixel overlap technology,all level and oblique characters in Pingshuiyun are superimposed onto a 3×3 grid,and the differences in character shapes are statistically analyzed.Semantic analysis is then performed by extracting corresponding components using morphological segmentation.In conjunction with the definitions provided in Shuowenjiezi,this study finds that level tone characters and oblique tone characters exhibit significant differences in morphological structure,which is due to the more frequent use of animal-related components in level tone characters.This paper presents the first macroscopic exploration of the correlation between the form,sound,and meaning of Chinese characters in the digital domain,providing a new direction for future research on the digitalization of Chinese characters.

关 键 词：汉字 形音义 古诗词 平水韵 数字人文 

分 类 号：H0[语言文字—语言学]