炼厂原油掺炼清罐油存在的问题及思考  

Existing problems and considerations of blending crude oil with tank⁃cleaning oil in refinery

作　　者：李治明 陈贤德 荣荣 侯宝珍 秦梓喻 LI Zhi-ming;CHEN Xian-de;RONG Rong;HOU Bao-zhen;QIN Zi-yu(Sinopec Hainan Refining&Chemical Co.,Ltd.,Danzhou 578101,China;Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石化海南炼油化工有限公司,海南儋州578101 [2]海南大学海南省精细化工工程技术研究中心,海南海口570228

出　　处：《现代化工》2024年第4期209-215,共7页Modern Chemical Industry

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金项目(522RC612)。

摘　　要：针对炼厂回炼清罐油时常见电脱盐罐电流波动的问题,对清罐油预处理、一级电脱盐罐运行状况实地考察并进行了优化调整。结果表明,阻止原油形成稳定的乳状液是核心问题,在清罐油净化过程中不加聚合氯化铝和聚丙烯酰胺这类絮凝剂,避免与原油形成稳定乳状液;控制脱前原油铁含量在0~5 mg/kg,抑制铁离子增加原油乳状液的稳定性和电导率;提前将破乳剂的注入量提至10~15 g/t;日检电脱盐罐乳化层情况并及时排尽。通过以上措施,常减压装置持续回炼清灌油139 d,一级电脱盐罐电流未出现波动,含盐污水环保排放指标合格。Electric current fluctuation often occurs at the electric desalting tank in a refinery when the tank⁃cleaning oil is blended with crude oil as feedings.In order to solve this problem,the pretreatment of tank⁃leaning oil and the operation status of primary electric desalting tank are investigated on the spot and optimized.It is indicated that preventing crude oil from forming a stable emulsion is the core solution.Therefore,some measurements are taken as follows.Flocculants such as polyaluminum chloride and polyacrylamide are not added again in the purification process of tank⁃cleaning oil to prevent them from forming more stable emulsion with crude oil.The iron content of crude oil before stripping is controlled in the range of 0 to 5 mg·kg^(-1) to prevent iron ions from increasing the stability and conductivity of crude oil emulsion.The injection amount of demulsifier is controlled in the range of 10-15 g·t^(-1) in advance.The emulsification layer at the electric desalting tank is drained on time.Through implementing these measures,the atmospheric⁃vacuum distillation unit has refined continuously tank⁃cleaning oil for 139 days while the electric current at the primary electric desalination tank has remains stably,and the discharge index of salt⁃containing sewage meets the standard.

关 键 词：常减压 清罐油 原油 掺炼 电流 

分 类 号：X742[环境科学与工程—环境工程]