参加全国水中总α、总β放射性测量能力比对考核结果及加标回收率计算公式探讨  

Discussion on results of national measurement capability comparison assessment for gross α and gross β radioactivity in water and calculation formulas for spike recovery

作　　者：李文锐 易家琴 李奎 LI Wenrui;YI Jiaqin;LI Kui(Zhongxian Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chongqing 404300 China;Nanchuan Center for Disease Control and prevention,Nanchuan District,Chongqing 408400 China;Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chongqing 400042 China)

机构地区：[1]忠县疾病预防控制中心,重庆404300 [2]重庆市南川区疾病预防控制中心,重庆408400 [3]重庆市疾病预防控制中心,重庆400042

出　　处：《中国辐射卫生》2024年第1期46-50,55,共6页Chinese Journal of Radiological Health

摘　　要：目的 通过全国总α、总β放射性测量能力比对考核结果,总结分析检测过程中的难点要点,为今后开展相关工作及对新订地方标准提供依据和参考。方法 参加由中国疾病预防控制中心辐射防护与核安全医学所组织的水样总放射性测量比对考核,根据对比考核结果,同时结合国标GB/T 5750.13—2023(发布稿)内容对测量过程中涉及的加标回收步骤进行分析讨论,以两种不同的加标回收率计算公式分析其对最终测量结果的影响。结果 以公式推导所得加标回收率F_((推导))进行结果计算时,加标回收率范围:总α为63.00%~84.60%,总β为95.0%~99.1%;6次比对结果中3次综合判定为优秀,3次综合判定为合格(其中总α单项判定结果有4次优秀,2次合格;总β单项判定结果有4次优秀,2次合格);以GB/T 5750.13—2023(发布稿)中加标回收率F进行结果计算时,加标回收率范围:总α为39.69%~71.57%,总β为90.25%~98.21%;6次比对结果中有5次综合判定为不合格,1次综合判定为合格(其中总α单项判定结果有5次不合格,1次合格;总β单项判定结果有5次优秀,1次合格)。以两种不同加标回收率公式计算结果时,总α放射性测量结果存在统计学差异(t=4.27,P=0.03 <0.05),总β放射性测量结果差异无统计学意义(t=0.667,P=0.524> 0.05)。结论 水中总α、总β放射性检测过程中,加标回收率的正确引用等对测量结果影响较大,应加强质量控制,进一步保证测量结果准确。Objective To summarize and analyze the difficulties and key points in the measurement of grossαand grossβradioactivity in water based on the results of national measurement capability comparison assessment,and provide the basis and reference for the future work and the development of new local standards.Methods The research team participated in the comparison assessment for measurement of the gross radioactivity in water samples organized by National Institute for Radiological Protection,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention.According to the comparison assessment results and the content in the national standard GB/T 5750.13—2023(published draft),the steps of spike recovery involved during the measurement were analyzed and discussed.Two different formulas used for spike recovery calculation were analyzed for their impact on the final measurement results.Results When the spike recovery F(derived)derived from the formulas was used for result calculation,the spike recovery ranged as follows:grossα:63.00%−84.60%,and grossβ:95.0%−99.1%;3/6 of the comparison results were determined as excellent and 3/6 as pass as a whole(among them,4 were excellent and 2 were pass for both single grossαassessment items and single grossβassessment items).When the spike recovery F from the GB/T 5750.13—2023(published draft)was used for result calculation,the spike recovery ranged as fol-lows:grossα:39.69%−71.57%,and grossβ:90.25%−98.21%;5/6 of the comparison results were determined as fail and 1/6 as pass(among them,5 were fail and 1 was pass for single grossαassessment items;5 were excellent and 1 was pass for single grossβassessment items).When two different formulas were used for spike recovery calculation,there was a significant difference in grossαradioactivity measurement(t=4.27,P=0.03<0.05),but there was no significant difference in grossβradioactivity measurement(t=0.667,P=0.524>0.05).Conclusion In the measurement of grossαand grossβradioactivity in water,appropriate reference to the spike rec

关 键 词：总α放射性 总Β放射性 能力比对 加标回收率 

分 类 号：X591[环境科学与工程—环境工程]