小清河入海污染物扩散特征及其对近岸工程建设的响应  

Pollutant dispersion from the Xiaoqing River into the sea and its response to the nearshore construction

作　　者：李婉华 宋彦[2] 冷星 张涛 伊兆晗 张学伟 林超然 孙菲菲 LI Wanhua;SONG Yan;LENG Xing;ZHANG Tao;YI Zhaohan;ZHANG Xuewei;LIN Chaoran;SUN Feifei(College of Marine Geosciences,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;North Sea Marine Forecast Center of State Oceanic Adminis-tration,Qingdao 266061,China;Rizhao Emergency Management Bureau,Rizhao 276800,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋地球科学学院,青岛266100 [2]国家海洋局北海预报中心,青岛266061 [3]日照市应急管理局,日照276800

出　　处：《海洋地质前沿》2024年第4期47-59,共13页Marine Geology Frontiers

基　　金：山东省渤海区域基础环境状况调查与评估项目子项目“海洋开发活动对莱州湾水动力条件和水交换能力影响调查与评估项目”(402001202000006_001)。

摘　　要：河流入海污染物是近海污染物的主要来源之一。小清河是莱州湾西南部主要入海河流和污染物来源,近年来小清河口两侧近岸工程建设规模不断扩大,其对小清河入海污染物扩散的影响如何有待深入研究。采用MIKE21数值模型模拟了近岸工程建设对潮流场的影响及小清河入海污染物(无机氮、活性磷酸盐)的扩散特征,探讨了入海污染物扩散对近岸工程建设的响应。研究结果表明:小清河口两侧近岸工程的建设,导致小清河河口附近海域流速有所减小,减小值介于2~21 cm/s。河口两侧的堤坝、防波堤等工程阻挡了污染物向东南、西北方向扩散,使小清河入海污染物扩散范围有所减小,不利于污染物扩散,导致河口附近海域污染物浓度有所增加,从而加剧了小清河河口附近海域的水质污染。因此,近岸工程建设会造成工程附近海域的潮流减弱,削弱近海海域的污染物扩散能力。Pollutants from rivers are the main source of offshore pollution.Xiaoqing River is the main inlet river and pollutant source in the southwestern part of Laizhou Bay,Bohai Sea.In recent years,the scale of nearshore constructions on both sides of Xiaoqing River estuary is constantly expanding.The response of the inlet pollutant dispersion to the nearshore construction region need to be studied deeply.The influence of nearshore construction on the tidal field and the dispersion characteristics of the inlet pollutants(dissolved inorganic nitrogen and active phosphate)from Xiaoqing River were numerically simulated in MIKE21 model,and the response of the inlet pollutant dispersion to the nearshore construction was discussed.Results show that the construction of nearshore projects on both sides of the Xiaoqing River estuary has led to a decrease of 2-21 cm/s in flow velocity in the nearshore of the estuary.Dikes and breakwaters on both sides of the estuary blocked the dispersion of pollutants to the southeast and northwest,which reduced the dispersion range of pollutants into the estuary,increased the concentration of pollutants in the estuary,and aggravated the water pollution in local areas.Therefore,the construction of nearshore projects could weaken the tidal currents around the concentration and the pollutant dispersion capacity in the offshore marine areas.

关 键 词：小清河河口 近岸工程 污染物扩散 数值模拟 

分 类 号：P753[交通运输工程—港口、海岸及近海工程] P736[天文地球—海洋科学]