超细纤维合成革含浸用水性聚氨酯的合成及其应用  

Synthesis and application of microfiber leather impregnated with waterborne polyurethane

作　　者：李琛 王冬 仲鸿天 董朋 付少海 LI Chen;WANG Dong;ZHONG Hongtian;DONG Peng;FU Shaohai(Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Digital Textile Inkjet Printing,Wuxi,Jiangsu 214122,China;Key Laboratory of Eco-Textiles(Jiangnan University),Ministry of Education,Wuxi,Jiangsu 214122,China;Jiangsu Jujie Microfiber Technology Group Co.,Ltd.,Suzhou,Jiangsu 215200,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省纺织品数字喷墨印花工程技术研究中心,江苏无锡214122 [2]生态纺织教育部重点实验室(江南大学),江苏无锡214122 [3]江苏聚杰微纤科技集团股份有限公司,江苏苏州215200

出　　处：《纺织学报》2024年第3期129-136,共8页Journal of Textile Research

基　　金：香江学者计划项目(XJ2021020)。

摘　　要：为解决水性聚氨酯应用于超细纤维合成革(超纤革)含浸时存在的表面易出现裂纹及手感不佳的问题,通过在合成过程中引入聚碳酸酯二醇作为软链段,并添加三羟甲基丙烷,成功制备了成膜后具有高韧性和高强度的大分子质量小乳粒粒径水性聚氨酯乳液。结果表明:乳液的相对分子质量达到5.93×10^(4)其平均粒径仅为89.54 nm,储存稳定性良好;形成的薄膜具有优异的性能,断裂强度为3.725 MPa,断裂伸长率达到763.99%,高温下的储能模量和损耗模量分别为2837.57 MPa和278.87 MPa。在超纤革制备中,应用这种水性聚氨酯可改善黏结固化情况,显著减少表面裂纹,提升弹性和柔软度。Objective As an artificial leather product,impregnated microfiber leather owns excellent thermodynamic properties,rebound resilience,softness,and fullness.However,the main material for its production is solvent polyurethane,which causes serious environmental pollution.Whereas waterborne polyurethane,an environmental-friendly material,brings problems of surface cracks and poor texture when applied to the impregnation of microfiber leather.In order to solve these problems,a particular waterborne polyurethane emulsion was designed and synthesized by referring to the solvent polyurethane with large molecular weight and small particle size,and then successfully applied to the production of impregnated microfiber leather.Method The prepolymer method was adopted to synthesize the target waterborne polyurethane emulsion by using isophorone diisocyanate(IPDI)as the hard segment,polycarbonate diol(PCDL)as the soft segment,2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propionic acid as the hydrophilic chain extender,and 1,4-butanediol as the flexible chain extender,trimethylolpropane(TMP)as internal cross-linking agent,and ethylenediamine as post chain extender.The relative molecular weight and emulsion particle size of waterborne polyurethane were controlled by adjusting the relative molecular weight of PCDL and the content of TMP,the waterborne polyurethane emulsion with the optimal formula was applied to the production of impregnated microfiber leather.Results Firstly,emulsion tests were conducted to explore the influences of PCDL relative molecular weight and TMP content on the waterborne polyurethane emulsion in different aspects.According to the results,the relative molecular weight and emulsion particle size of the waterborne polyurethane emulsion was increased with the rising of the PCDL relative molecular weight,and the emulsion particle size decreases first and then increases sharply with the growth of TMP content.When the PCDL relative molecular weight reached 500,the emulsion would be cured smoothly to form a film,and when the PCDL rel

关 键 词：水性聚氨酯 超细纤维合成革 含浸工艺 乳粒粒径 三羟甲基丙烷 聚碳酸酯二醇 

分 类 号：TS193.5[轻工技术与工程—纺织化学与染整工程]