孕镶金刚石钻头磨损机理研究  

Analysis of the Wear Mechanism of Impregnated Diamond Bits

作　　者：杨展[1] 方小红[2,3] 谭松成[2,3] 杨凯华[2] YANG Zhan;FANG Xiaohong;TAN Songcheng;YANG Kaihua(School of Mechanical Engineering and Electronic Information,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan,Hubei 430074;Faculty of Engineering,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan,Hubei 430074;Engineering Research Center of Rock-Soil Drilling&Excavation and Protection,Ministry of Education,Wuhan,Hubei 430074)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉)机械与电子信息学院,湖北武汉430074 [2]中国地质大学(武汉)工程学院,湖北武汉430074 [3]岩土钻掘与防护教育部工程研究中心,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《地质与勘探》2024年第2期407-413,共7页Geology and Exploration

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:42272365)资助。

摘　　要：孕镶金刚石钻头通过钻头胎体的持续磨损实现金刚石的自锐和高效破岩。因此,研究金刚石钻头磨损的影响因素及其影响程度和影响机理,对孕镶金刚石钻头的设计和使用非常重要。本次研究探讨了岩石物理力学性质、钻头胎体性能和钻进工艺参数等因素对孕镶金刚石钻头磨损过程和磨损机理的影响。分析表明,对钻头磨损最为显著的影响因素是岩石中的硬质颗粒导致的磨粒磨损,其次是钻头胎体与岩粉之间的粘着磨损,以及冲洗液中岩粉颗粒导致的冲蚀磨损。在此基础上,以不同硬度的钻头胎体摩擦磨损试验结果为例,探讨了钻头胎体性能及其内部硬质点对钻头磨损的影响机理。该研究成果可为科学设计与合理使用孕镶金刚石钻头提供依据。Impregnated diamond bits are subjected to continuous wear of drill bit matrix in order to achieve self-sharpening and efficient rock breaking.It is therefore very important for the design and use of impregnated diamond bits to study the influencing factors,degree and mechanism of diamond bit wear.This work analyzed the effects of rock physical and mechanical properties,drill bit matrix properties and drilling technology and parameters on the wear process and wear mechanism of impregnated diamond bits.Results show that the drill bit wear is dominated by abrasive wear caused by hard particles in rock,followed by adhesive wear between drill bit surface and rock debris,and erosion wear caused by rock debris in flushing fluid.On this basis,the friction and wear test results of drill bit matrix with different hardness were taken as an example to discuss the influence mechanism of drill bit matrix properties and internal hard points on drill bit wear.This research can provide reference for scientific design and rational use of impregnated diamond bits.

关 键 词：孕镶金刚石钻头 磨粒磨损 粘着磨损 冲蚀磨损 

分 类 号：P634.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探] TD41[天文地球—地质学]