毛乌素沙地4种不同植物根际土壤细菌群落结构和多样性特征  

Structure and diversity of bacterial communities in rhizosphere soil of four plant species in Mu Us Sandy Land

作　　者：李林山 王梓瑜 白慧慧 张凯煜 刘米利 史建国 段义忠[1,2] LI Linshan;WANG Ziyu;BAI Huihui;ZHANG Kaiyu;LIU Mili;SHI Jianguo;DUAN Yizhong(College of Life Science,Yulin University,Yulin 719000;Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration of Mining Areas in Northern Shaanxi Province,Yulin University,Yulin 719000,China)

机构地区：[1]榆林学院生命科学学院,榆林719000 [2]榆林学院陕西省陕北矿区生态修复重点实验室,榆林719000

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2024年第2期142-149,共8页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：陕西省科技厅重点研发项目农业领域一般项目(2022NY-147);陕西省教育厅服务地方专项科研计划项目(22JC065);陕西省林业科技创新计划专项(SXLK2021-0236);榆林市林业产业开发中心横向课题(2020HX66);榆林市高新区科技局项目(CXY-2020-18)资助。

摘　　要：为研究毛乌素沙地不同植物根际土壤微生物群落结构,揭示该区植物与土壤间关系,为毛乌素沙地优势植物的科学管理提供理论依据。文中以毛乌素沙地4种优势植物,沙棘(Hippophae rhamnoides)、沙冬青(Ammopiptanthus mongolicus)、紫穗槐(Amorpha fruticosa)、沙柳(Salix cheilophila)为例,采用化学分析、Illumina MiSeq测序方法,研究其植物根际土壤细菌结构及多样性,并与根际土壤理化性质进行相关性分析。4种不同植物根际土壤样品中共获41门、122纲、169目、222科、319属土壤细菌。其中,变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、放线菌门(Actinobacteriota)、α-变形菌纲(Alphaproteobacteria)和放线菌纲(Actinobacteria)的相对丰度较高,是毛乌素沙地4种植物根际土壤细菌的优势菌门和优势菌纲。沙棘植物根际土壤细菌的OTUs(Operational Taxonomic Units)数和Shannon指数最高,而紫穗槐最低。4种植物共有OTU数均低于沙棘和沙柳特有的OTU数,高于沙冬青和紫穗槐特有的OTU数。土壤pH和速效磷是影响植物根际土壤细菌多样性指数及群落结构的关键环境因子。研究为毛乌素沙地植物的保护和物种多样性的维持提供理论依据,对毛乌素沙地的植被恢复和重建具有重要意义。To study the microbial community structure in the rhizosphere soil of four plants in Mu Us Sandy Land,reveal the relationship between plants and soil in this area,and provide a theoretical basis for the scientific management of dominant plants in Mu Us Sandy Land.In this study,four dominant plants in Mu Us Sandy Land,Hippophae rhamnoides,Ammopiptanthus mongolicus,Amorpha fruticosa,and Salix cheilophila are usrd as examples to study the bacterial structure and diversity of rhizosphere bacterium by chemical sequencing and Illumina MiSeq,and the correlation with the physiochemical properties of rhizosphere soil.A total of 319 genera of soil bacterium,belonging to 222 families,169 order,122 classes,and 41 phyla,were obtained from rhizosphere soil samples of 4 different plants.Among them,the relative abundance of Proteobacteria,Actinobacteriota,Alphaproteobacteria and Actinobacteria is higher,making them the dominant phyla and dominant class in rhizosphere of 4 plant species in Mu Us Sandy Land.The OTUS(Operational Taxonomic Units)and Shannon index of bacteria in the rhizosphere soil of H.rhamnoides are the highest,while that for the A.fruticosa are the lowest.The total number of OTUs shared by the four plants is lower than those that being unique to H.Rhamnoides and S.cheilophila,but higher than those that being unique to A.mongolicus and A.fruticosa.Soil pH and available phosphorus are the key environmental factors that affect the bacterial diversity index and community structure of plant rhizosphere soil.This study provides a theoretical basis for the protection of plants and the maintenance of species diversity in the Mu Us sandy land,and is of important significance for vegetation restoration and reconstruction in the Mu Us Sandy Land.

关 键 词：细菌群落多样性 土壤细菌 毛乌素沙地 根际土壤 

分 类 号：S154[农业科学—土壤学]