从斯托雷平到高尔察克——21世纪以来俄罗斯社会思想变迁  

From Stolypin to Kolchak--The Ideological Changes in Russia's Society since the 21st Century

作　　者：欧阳向英[1,2,3,4] Ouyang Xiangying

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学国际政治经济学院 [2]中国社会科学院世界经济与政治研究所 [3]国家全球战略智库 [4]南开大学·中国社会科学院大学21世纪马克思主义研究院

出　　处：《俄罗斯学刊》2024年第2期27-40,共14页Academic Journal of Russian Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“新时代中俄全面战略协作伙伴关系研究”(项目批准号:20AGJ012)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：斯托雷平和高尔察克是近年来俄罗斯思想界关注较多且给予了重新评价的两个历史人物。从“刽子手”和“匪帮首领”到“最优秀的政府首脑”和“无畏上将”,他们的历史叙事与苏联史被改写是一脉相承的,既有还原历史的成分,也有重新认识社会主义运动的因素。重评反映出当下的俄罗斯人更加重视本国政治传统与改革经验,从而对当代政治人物和大国走向产生深远影响。通过“向父辈回归”,俄罗斯在国家治理上可能会有一些调整:政治上强力维稳,建立法律秩序,形成牢固统一的国家,不容分裂;经济上坚决改革,推行财产私有化,走向市场经济;思想上回避自由主义与保守主义,提倡爱国主义,协调各方势力;发展军力,反抗霸权,恢复大国地位。社会思潮对政治决策的影响在21世纪的俄罗斯政治实践中已经得到了证实。In recent years,Stolypin and Kolchak are two historical figures that have received much attention and re-evaluation in Russian intellectual circles.From"executioner"and"gang leader"to"the best head of government"and"fearless general",the historical narratives about them are consistent with the rewriting of Soviet history,which involve factors of restoring history and also re-understanding the socialist movement.In fact,the re-evaluation reflects that current Russians pay more attention to their country's political traditions and reform experience,which has a profound impact on contemporary politicians and the development direction of this country.By"returning to its fathers",Russia may have some adjustments in its national governance.Politically,Russia works to maintain stability,establish legal order,and form a solid and unified country.Economically,it continues to promote reform and property privatization,and move towards a market economy.Ideologically,Russia strives to avoid liberalism and conservatism,promote patriotism,and coordinate the strength of all parties.Moreover,Russia tries to develop its military power and restore the status as a great power.In the 21st century,the influence of social ideological trends on political decision-making has been confirmed in the Russian political practice.

关 键 词：斯托雷平 高尔察克 历史叙事 俄罗斯政治 社会思潮 

分 类 号：G151.22[文化科学]