粤北长江话的小称变调与古全浊唇、舌音在小称中的特殊表现  

Diminutive tone in Changjiang dialect of northern Guangdong province and the particular sound change of*b-and*d-involved

作　　者：李莉亚 LI Liya

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学文学与新闻学院,湘潭

出　　处：《中国语文》2024年第2期197-206,255,共11页Studies of the Chinese Language

基　　金：湖南省哲学社会科学基金项目“湘粤赣交界六地方言变音比较研究”(21YBA066)资助。

摘　　要：粤北仁化县长江话有一个高升小称变调,古全浊声母在长江话单字音系统中今读逢塞音、塞擦音时一律送气,但在小称变调系统中古全浊唇、舌音今读塞音时却依声调的平分读不送气和送气两类。结合周边方言的一些相关语音现象,古全浊唇、舌音平声字在长江话小称变调系统中声母不送气属较早期读音形式,它们与古全浊唇、舌音平声字在单字音系统中声母读送气音的分化反映了长江话古全浊声母清化次序和清化方向的不平衡以及清化过程中极有可能存在的语言接触。古全浊唇、舌音在长江话中的清化应当晚于其他古全浊声母,平声的清化又晚于声。“长江小称型”的发现有助于进一步认识和理解湘粤交界地带方言古全浊声母的演变类型和关系。In Changjiang dialect of Northern Guangdong province,there exists a diminutive form with a particular high rising tone.Although all MC voiced initials would become aspirated when pronounced as stops and africates in modern Changjiang dialect,in diminutive forms,MC voiced labials and glossals may become aspirated or unaspirated depending on whether the tone is even or not.In comparison with surrounding dialects,the unaspirated diminutives in Changjiang dialect represents an earlier pronunciation.Their division from the aspirated initials suggests that the devoicing of*b-and*d-is later than that of the other MC voiced initials in Changjiang dialect.It follows the order of uneven>even and the devoicing process might also have been affected by language contact.The diminutives in Changjiang dialect enable us to better comprehend the evolution of MC voiced initials and their relation in dialects at the border of Guangdong and Hunan provinces.

关 键 词：长江话 小称变调 古全浊唇舌音 清化次序和方向 演变类型 

分 类 号：H17[语言文字—汉语]