不同阶段新型冠状病毒感染对医学生心理状况影响  

Effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the psychological status of medical students at different stages

作　　者：王帅 张红梅 刘广燕 宋金莲 郝贵亮 刘成玉[4] WANG Shuai;ZHANG Hongmei;LIU Guangyan;SONG Jinlian;HAO Guiliang;LIU Chengyu(Clinical Laboratory of Qingdao Women and Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University,Qingdao 266034,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛市妇女儿童医院检验科,山东青岛266034 [2]青岛市妇女儿童医院党委办公室 [3]青岛市崂山区疾病预防控制中心 [4]青岛大学青岛医学院临床技能学教学实验中心

出　　处：《青岛大学学报（医学版）》2024年第1期137-140,共4页Journal of Qingdao University(Medical Sciences)

基　　金：青岛大学2020年教学研究与改革项目(JXG-G2020023);山东省高等医学教育研究中心科研规划课题(YJK-T2021007)。

摘　　要：目的了解新型冠状病毒感染疫情(新冠疫情)不同阶段对医学生心理健康状况的影响,为采取相关心理干预措施提供依据。方法分别于2020年3月16日—3月22日的新冠病毒感染暴发期及2021年7月19日—7月25日的新冠病毒感染的常态化防控期,通过网络问卷平台发放SCL-90问卷,对医学生的心理健康状况进行调查,并与常模及同期的非医学生进行对比分析。结果暴发期间医学生的躯体化、强迫、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖及总均分均高于全国常模(t=2.293~12.426,P<0.05);医学生的焦虑均分显著高于非医学生,非医学生的恐怖均分显著高于医学生,女生的强迫均分高于男生,本科生的恐怖因子均分高于研究生(t=1.992~2.800,P<0.05)。常态化防控期间医学生的抑郁、焦虑及恐怖均分均高于全国常模(t=3.617~4.238,P<0.05),非医学生的抑郁、恐怖均分及GSI均显著高于医学生(t=2.444~3.003,P<0.05),本科医学生的躯体化因子分及总均分均高于研究生(t=3.384、3.639,P<0.05)。暴发期间医学生的躯体化、强迫、抑郁、精神病性、其他均分及总均分均显著高于防控期间(t=2.765~7.970,P<0.05)。同时,参与了前后两次调查的508名学生,其疫情暴发期间的躯体化、强迫、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执、精神病性、其他均分以及总均分,均显著高于常态化防控期间(t=2.634~64.516,P<0.05)。结论新冠疫情可导致医学生产生焦虑、抑郁及恐惧等不良心理反应,在疫情防控期间应采取积极的应对措施,尽早干预,对医学生的心理健康有积极意义。Objective To investigate the impact of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)epidemic on the mental health status of medical students at different stages,and to provide a reference for psychological intervention.Methods During the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak period of March 16 to March 22 in 2020 and the regular prevention and control period of July 19 to July 25 in 2021,the Symptom Checklist-90(SCL-90)questionnaire was delivered through the online questionnaire platform to investigate the mental health of medical students for comparisons with the norm and non-medical students at the same time.Results During the outbreak period,the medical students showed significantly higher mean scores of somatization,obsessive-compulsion,depression,anxiety,phobic anxiety,and the Global Severity Index(GSI)compared with the national norms(t=2.293-12.426,P<0.05);the mean anxiety score of the medical students was significantly higher than that of the non-medical students;the mean phobic anxiety score of the non-medical students was significantly higher than that of the medical students;the girls had a significantly higher mean obsessive-compulsion score than the boys;the mean score of phobic anxiety was significantly higher in the undergraduate students than in the graduate students(t=1.992-2.800,P<0.05).During the regular prevention and control period,the mean scores of depression,anxiety,and phobic anxiety of the medical students were significantly higher compared with the national norms(t=3.617-4.238,P<0.05);the mean scores of depression,phobic anxiety,and GSI of the non-medical students were significantly higher than those of the medical students(t=2.444-3.003,P<0.05);the mean scores of so-matization and GSI were significantly higher in the undergraduate students than in the graduate students(t=3.384,3.639,P<0.05).For the medical students,the mean scores of somatization,obsessive-compulsion,depression,psychoticism,additional items,and GSI were significantly higher in the outbreak period than in the regular pre

关 键 词：应激 心理学 新型冠状病毒感染 学生 医科 调查和问卷 

分 类 号：R395[哲学宗教—心理学] R563.12[医药卫生—医学心理学]