胆碱和赖氨酸过瘤胃保护效果及对奶牛生产性能的影响  

Effects of choline and lysine on protecting rumen and the production performance of cows

作　　者：王诚 丁博群 董桂红 王玲 范秋苹 孔德玲 WANG Cheng;DING Boqun;DONG Guihong;WANG Ling;FAN Qiuping;KONG Deling(Shandong Jianyuan Biological Technology Co.Ltd.,Taian 271000,China)

机构地区：[1]山东健源生物科技有限公司,山东泰安271000

出　　处：《养殖与饲料》2024年第4期18-22,共5页Animals Breeding and Feed

基　　金：山东省科技型中小企业创新能力提升工程(2023TSGC0594)。

摘　　要：[目的]评估过瘤胃胆碱和过瘤胃赖氨酸产品的保护率、降解率及其对生产性能的影响,旨在为过瘤胃技术的发展及应用提供参考。[方法]通过瘤胃稳定性试验、体外模拟小肠消化试验对过瘤胃胆碱和过瘤胃赖氨酸产品的过瘤胃保护效果进行测定,同时以荷斯坦奶牛为例,选取体质量为600 kg左右且泌乳期约60 d的健康荷斯坦奶牛40头,随机分为4组,每组10头,分别为胆碱组(日粮中补充30 g/(头·d)过瘤胃胆碱)、赖氨酸组(日粮中补充30 g/(头·d)的过瘤胃赖氨酸)、胆碱+赖氨酸组(日粮中补充过瘤胃胆碱和过瘤胃赖氨酸各30 g/(头·d))和对照组(不添加过瘤胃胆碱与赖氨酸),分别测定日均干物质采食量、日均产奶量、乳脂率、乳蛋白率。[结果]过瘤胃胆碱和过瘤胃赖氨酸处理2 h的过瘤胃保护率均在84%以上,2 h时小肠降解率分别为79.23%和81.76%;与对照组相比,日粮中添加过瘤胃胆碱、过瘤胃赖氨酸、过瘤胃胆碱和过瘤胃赖氨酸的干物质采食量分别显著增加11.20%、8.06%、11.76%,日均产奶量分别显著增加8.02%、7.86%、9.53%;各组之间乳蛋白率没有显著差异。[结论]饲粮中添加过瘤胃胆碱和过瘤胃赖氨酸均具有良好的过瘤胃保护效果和小肠释放效果,可不同程度提高奶牛的生产性能。[Objectives]The protection rate,degradation rate of rumen-protected choline and lysine products and their effects on production performance of cows to provide reference for the develop-ment and application of rumen-protected technology.[Methods]The effects of rumen-protected choline and lysine products on protecting rumen were measured through tests of rumen stability and simulated small intestine digestion in vitro.40 healthy Holstein cows with a body weight of about 600 kg and a lactation period of about 60 days were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups including the choline group(supplemented with 30 g/(head·d)rumen-protected choline in the diet),the lysine group(supplemented with 30 g/(head·d)rumen-protected lysine in the diet),the choline+lysine group(supplemented with 30 g/(head·d)rumen-protected choline and lysine each in the diet),and the control group(without rumen-protected choline and lysine supplemented),with 10 cows in each group.The average daily dry matter intake,average daily milk yield,milk fat percentage,and milk protein per-centage were measured.[Results]The rumen protection rates of rumen-protected choline and lysine treated for 2 hours were both above 84%,and the degradation rate of small intestine after 2 hours of treatment was 79.23%and 81.76%,respectively.Compared with the control group,the dry matter in-take of other three groups significantly increased by 11.20%,8.06%,and 11.76%,and the daily milk yield of other three groups significantly increased by 8.02%,7.86%,and 9.53%,respectively.There was no significant difference in milk protein rate between the groups.[Conclusions]It is indicated that the addition of rumen-protected choline and lysine to feed has good rumen protection and small intes-tine release effects,which can improve the production performance of cows to various degrees.

关 键 词：奶牛 过瘤胃胆碱 过瘤胃赖氨酸 瘤胃降解率 小肠释放率 生产性能 

分 类 号：S823.5[农业科学—畜牧学]