基于LBM-LES的不同尺度城市街区模型风环境对比分析  

Comparative Analysis of Wind Environment between Different-scale Urban Block Models Based on LBM-LES

作　　者：张慎[1] 王义凡 李昀 程明 尹鹏飞 ZHANG Shen;WANG Yifan;LI Yun;CHENG Ming;YIN Pengfei(Central-south Architectural Design Institute Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430071,China)

机构地区：[1]中南建筑设计院股份有限公司,武汉430071

出　　处：《建筑科学》2024年第2期248-257,291,共11页Building Science

基　　金：住房和城乡建设部科学技术计划项目(2021-K-020);2023年湖北省重大攻关项目(JD2023BAA007)。

摘　　要：基于格子玻尔兹曼-大涡模拟方法开展了不同尺度城市建筑群街区风环境非稳态数值模拟分析。首先对标风洞试验开展了理想街区模型网格划分方案和模拟参数验证分析探讨,然后针对实际街区风环境模拟案例开展了不同风气候条件下周围建筑干扰作用对比分析,采用不同舒适度指标开展平均风和强风条件风环境评价。研究结果表明:1)总结的LBM-LES模拟方案能够高效重现出与风洞试验一致的多风向角下行人平均风速分布特征,平均相对误差为15%;2)周边建筑对不同季节街区风环境影响差异较大,夏季工况下周围建筑干扰作用会明显增加风速加速比一倍以上,而冬季工况下周围建筑尺度会阻挡来流风速,建议考虑足够大街区模型进行敏感性分析;3)引入等效风速综合考虑平均风和阵风影响,建筑周围特征湍流明显不利于冬季风环境舒适性。研究成果为实际复杂街区风环境评估和优化提供新的高效模拟技术方案和结论参考。Unsteady wind environments of different-scale urban block models were simulated based on the Lattice Boltzmann-Large Eddy Simulation.The grid meshing strategy and simulation parameters were first discussed based on the comparison of ideal-block simulation with the wind tunnel test.Then a comparative analysis of the interference of surrounding buildings under different wind conditions was made for the real cases of wind environment simulation,and different comfort indexes were used to evaluate the wind environment under average and strong wind conditions.The results show that:1)The summarized LBM-LES scheme can reliably reproduce the pedestrian mean wind speed distribution characteristics at different wind angles consistent with the wind tunnel tests,with an average relative error of 15%.2)The surrounding buildings have a great influence on the wind environment of city blocks in different seasons.The wind speed acceleration ratio will be doubled under the interference effects of surrounding buildings in summer,while the surrounding buildings will block the incoming wind in winter.It is recommended to consider sufficient city block models for sensitive analysis.3)The introduction of equivalent wind speed comprehensively considers the impact of average wind and gust wind,the characteristic turbulence around buildings is clearly detrimental to the comfort of the winter wind environment.The research results can provide new high-efficiency simulation technical solutions and conclusions for the actual complex neighborhood wind environment assessment and optimization.

关 键 词：街区风环境 风速加速比 大涡模拟 格子玻尔兹曼 周围建筑干扰作用 等效风速 

分 类 号：TU201.5[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]