西南喀斯特地貌区采煤沉陷对稻田的影响研究  

Study on the influence of coal mining subsidence on rice field in southwest karst landform area

作　　者：成六三[1] CHENG Liu-san(Chongqing technical college of engineering,Jiangjin District,Chongqing 402260,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆工程职业技术学院,重庆江津402260

出　　处：《地下水》2024年第1期120-124,共5页Ground water

基　　金：重庆市自然基金面上项目(cstc2019jcyj-msxmX0291);重庆市教委项目(22SKGH573和KJQN202103406);重庆工程职业技术学院项目(2022KJB06)

摘　　要：为了研究分析采煤沉陷对稻田造成的影响,本文对比分析了采煤沉陷区内正常与非常稻田的土壤物理特性、犁底层入渗参数、水稻生长需水量以及生物和产量等因素。研究结果表明:在西南山地喀斯特地貌区,(1)采煤沉陷对稻田土壤的容重、孔隙度、机械组成影响不大,但影响土壤含水率较明显;(2)采煤沉陷导致稻田犁底层不同损坏,土壤入渗系数超过正常稻田犁底层土壤入渗系数10倍左右;(3)每公顷非正常稻田生长需水量比正常稻田多26.7 m^(3)水量;(4)每公顷正常稻田的产量和秸秆干重比非正常稻田分别多出3100 kg和1200 kg。而正常稻田的单株稻根干重比非正常稻田多1.74 g。总之,在西南山地喀斯特地貌区采煤沉陷已严重影响了稻田的正常生产,特别是稻田犁底层方面的损坏,这对于区域进行稻田生态复垦和社会协调稳定都具有理论与实践价值。In order to study and analyze the influence of coal mining subsidence on rice field,the soil physical characteristics,infiltration parameters of plow bottom,water requirement of rice growth,biological factors and yield of rice field in the coal mining subsidence area were compared and analyzed.The results show that:in the southwest mountainous karst landform area,(1)Coal mining subsidence has little effect on soil bulk density,porosity and mechanical composition,but has obvious effect on soil water content;(2)Coal mining subsidence caused different damage to the bottom of the paddy field,and the soil infiltration coefficient was about 10 times higher than the normal soil infiltration coefficient;(3)The water demand per hectare of abnormal rice paddy is 26.7 m^(3) more than that of normal rice paddy;(4)The yield and dry weight of straw per hectare of normal rice paddy were 3100 kg and 1200 kg more than that of non-normal rice paddy,and the dry weight of rice root per plant in normal rice paddy was 1.74 g more than that of non-normal rice paddy.In short,coal mining subsidence has seriously affected the normal production of rice fields,especially the damage of the bottom of rice fields,which has theoretical and practical value for the ecological reclamation of rice fields and social coordination and stability in the region.

关 键 词：土地复垦 水田漏水 犁底层 土壤水分 

分 类 号：P642.26[天文地球—工程地质学] S274.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]