重塑乡村基层的领导:新中国成立初期山东“新三反”斗争之“诸城经验”考察  

Restructuring Leadership in Rural Grassroots:Zhucheng Experience of“New Three-Anti”Struggle in Shandong during Early PRC

作　　者：罗立健 李放春[2,3] Luo Lijian;Li Fangchun

机构地区：[1]北京大学马克思主义学院 [2]重庆大学人文社会科学高等研究院 [3]重庆大学共和国研究中心

出　　处：《中共历史与理论研究》2023年第2期155-174,249,共21页The Studies on The CCP History and Theory

基　　金：重庆大学中央高校基本科研业务费科研平台与成果培育专项“建国初期德治历史经验研究”(项目号:2019CDJSK47PT28)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：新中国成立初期,“官僚主义”在乡村基层农业生产的领导方面一度表现得非常严重,干部在工作中常挟“强迫”“摊派”作风。“新三反”运动中对此一问题进行纠正的政治实践值得关注。本文围绕山东省诸城县创造的典型经验,通过对这一时期《人民日报》报道及基层档案等相关史料的发掘研读,集中展示中国共产党在“反官僚主义”斗争中努力重塑乡村基层领导的政治实践。同时,借用人类学的仪式理论,分析县、乡人民代表会议及会上开展的群众“批评”与干部“自我批评”,以呈现作为政治反结构的民主在基层政权结构中的植入过程。“诸城经验”具体展示了通过群众性的民主批评来转变基层干部领导作风、重塑其政治德性的制度性机制,至今仍有现实启示意义。During early stages of PRC,the issue of“bureaucratism”in rural grassroots especially in agricultural production aspect became very severe,with cadres always showing bad work style such as compelling and forcing quotas.“New Three-Anti”struggle aiming at tackling these issues have had our attention.Based on the case of Zhucheng county of Shandong province,this essay seeks to reveal the practice of“anti-bureaucratism”in restructuring leadership in rural grassroots level by closely examining reports published in People's Daily and archives collected in local community.Besides,it also tackles the issue by employing ritual theory in anthropology to analyze the criticism and self-criticism in people assembly at both county and township levels.Zhucheng experience presented an institutional mechanism in which local cadres'work style had been changed by massive criticism,which is of great importances for current period.

关 键 词：“新三反” 人民代表会议 诸城 新中国成立初期 

分 类 号：D26[政治法律—政治学]