海上CCS工程项目全流程技术进展与展望  

Progress and prospect of the whole process technology of offshore CCS engineering project

作　　者：胡鹏 高波[2] 许睿 王付立 张磊[2] 胡松 HU Peng;GAO Bo;XU Rui;WANG Fuli;ZHANG Lei;HU Song(CNOOC New Energy Department,Beijing 100010,China;Clean Energy Branch,CNOOC Energy Technology and Services Ltd.,Tianjin 300456,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋石油有限公司新能源部,北京100010 [2]中海油能源发展股份有限公司清洁能源分公司,天津300456

出　　处：《能源化工》2024年第1期7-11,共5页Energy Chemical Industry

摘　　要：分析了海上典型场景CCS全流程的技术进展,提出面临的挑战和对未来发展趋势的展望。海上CCS项目主要有两个典型场景,包括海上平台CO_(2)捕集直接回注和陆地排放源CO_(2)捕集后运输到海上进行离岸封存。海上平台CO_(2)捕集工艺以膜分离为主,同时配合多种工艺组合;陆地排放源主要有天然气处理终端和炼化企业,根据气源浓度选择捕集工艺,以化学吸收法为主,重点研究低成本的工艺。海上CO_(2)运输主要有船舶运输和管道运输,目前管道运输处在中试阶段,大型CO_(2)运输船正在设计建造中。海上封存场地主要包括咸水层和枯竭油气藏,咸水层封存重点研究盖层封闭性、长期稳定性以及海上监测技术。综合考虑技术和成本因素,海上CCS项目未来向集群项目发展,联合排放企业和封存企业共同开展CO_(2)利用及封存,技术上需要重点攻关海上平台CO_(2)高效低成本捕集工艺、海上CO_(2)运输大型装备以及海上封存监测过程中的难题。The technical progress of the whole process of CCS in typical offshore scenarios is analyzed and the challenges and prospects for the future development trend are put forward.The offshore CCS project mainly has two typical scenes,including the CO_(2)capture on the offshore platform and the transportation of CO_(2)capture from the onshore to the offshore for storage.The CO_(2)capture process of offshore platform is mainly based on membrane separation,combined with various process combinations.The main sources of terrestrial emissions include natural gas processing terminals and refining enterprises.The capture process is selected based on the concentration of the gas source,with a focus on chemical absorption,and low-cost processes are studied.Offshore CO_(2)transport mainly includes ship and pipeline.At present,pipeline transport is in the pilot stage,and large CO_(2)transport ships are under design and construction.The offshore storage site mainly includes brine layer and depleted oil and gas reservoir.The focus of brine layer storage is to study the cap rock sealing,long-term stability and offshore monitoring technology.Considering the technology and cost,the offshore CCS project will develop into a cluster project in the future,and joint emission enterprises and storage enterprises carrying out CO_(2)utilization and storage.It is necessary to focus on solving the problems in the process of efficient and low-cost CO_(2)capture technology for offshore platforms,large offshore CO_(2)ships and offshore storage monitoring.

关 键 词：海上CCS 全流程 离岸封存 低成本 安全性 

分 类 号：X701[环境科学与工程—环境工程]