中国机收再生稻研究现状与展望  

Research status and prospect of ratoon rice in China under mechanically harvested condition

作　　者：林文雄[1] 翁佩莹 林文芳 邵彩虹 郭春林 李忠 陈鸿飞[1] 陈婷[1] LIN Wen-xiong;WENG Peiying;LIN Wenfang;SHAO Caihong;GUO Chunlin;LI Zhong;CHEN Hongfei;CHEN Ting(Institute of Agricultural Ecology,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China;Institute of Soil and Fertilizer&Resource and Environment,Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanchang 330200,China;Rice Research Institute,Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hefei 230031,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学农业生态研究所,福州350002 [2]江西农业科学院,土壤肥料与资源环境研究所,南昌330200 [3]安徽农业科学院水稻研究所,合肥230031

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2024年第3期827-836,共10页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0300508,2017⁃YFD0301602);福建省科技计划项目(2018I0002)资助。

摘　　要：随着水稻育种方法的不断改善和栽培技术的持续创新,再生稻的种植面积及比重在中国水稻生产系统中逐渐增大,已发展成为生产成效显著的水稻种植模式之一。本文结合作者多年来的研究与实践,从作物生理生态学的视角,紧紧围绕再生稻适宜品种筛选及类型划分、机收再生稻的适宜留桩高度与水肥调控、再生稻干物质生产与分配特性及其与产量形成的关系、再生稻根系和再生活力及其与根际微生态特性的关系4个方面,综述了再生稻高产形成及其生理生态机制的研究现状与展望。在推广低留桩再生稻栽培技术时,应重视根际系统的合理调控,促进根际营养供给和腋芽适时萌发及分蘖再生协调发展,实现高再生系数、高再生穗数、高收获指数、高产优质、低碳安全可持续的“四高一低”目标,促进再生稻产业可持续发展。The proportion and area of ratoon rice planting in China have been substantially increased,due to con-tinuous improvement of rice breeding methods and consecutive innovation of cultivation technology,which has developed into one of rice planting modes with significant production efficiency.Combining the experience in re-search and practice,from the perspective of crop physiology and ecology,we reviewed the current situation and prospects of high-yielding formation and physiological mechanisms of ratoon rice.We focused on four key aspects:screening and breeding of ratoon rice cultivars and the classification;suitable stubble height for mechanically har-vested ratoon rice,as well as water and fertilizer management;dry matter production and allocation in ratoon rice and the relationship with yield formation;regenerative activity and vigor of ratoon rice roots and their relationship with rhizosphere micro-ecological characteristics.As for the extending of mechanized low-cut stubbles ratoon rice technique,we should properly regulate the rhizosphere system,coordinate rhizosphere nutrient supply,germination of axillary buds,and tillering regeneration,to achieve the target of“four-high-one-low”,that is high regeneration coefficient,high number of regeneration panicle,high harvest index,high yield,high quality,low-carbon and safe,aiming to improve the sustainability of ratoon rice industry.

关 键 词：再生稻 机械化 留桩高度 再生力 腋芽萌发 固碳减排 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]