构建全国统一大市场何以提升劳动收入份额——基于行政垄断视角的准自然实验研究  

How does the Construction of a Unified National Market Raise the Labor Income Share:A Quasi-natural Experiment from the Perspective of Administrative Monopoly

作　　者：刘长庚[1,2] 姜凌 张磊 王宇航[1,2] Liu Changgeng;Jiang Ling;Zhang Lei;Wang Yuhang(Business School,Xiangtan University,Hunan Xiangtan 411105,China;School of Economics,Hunan University of Finance and Economics,Hunan Changsha 410205,China)

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学商学院,湖南湘潭411105 [2]湖南财政经济学院经济学院,湖南长沙410205

出　　处：《上海财经大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第1期3-17,共15页Journal of Shanghai University of Finance and Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“我国劳动收入份额的变化趋势及新时期的对策研究”(18ZDA065);湖南省自然科学基金青年项目“中国共同富裕格局的区域差异及驱动机制研究”(2023JJ40640);湖南省哲学社会科学基金一般项目“基于国际比较的个人所得税免征额动态调整机制研究”(18YBA408);湖南省研究生科研创新项目“构建全国统一大市场的收入分配效应研究”(CX20230540)。

摘　　要：构建全国统一大市场是完善社会主义市场经济体制的核心内容,但全国统一大市场对要素收入分配产生何种影响,其是否与共同富裕目标相一致,目前学界尚无定论。文章采用2004—2020年上市企业微观数据,基于《反垄断法》实施形成的准自然实验,对构建全国统一大市场的要素收入分配效应进行研究。结果表明:构建全国统一大市场能有效提升我国企业劳动收入份额;能够通过削弱企业市场势力、促进要素畅通流动的渠道增强劳动者议价能力,进而提升企业劳动收入份额;其要素收入分配效应在行政垄断程度较高、市场化程度较低的中西部地区以及更具市场经济特性的非国有企业中更为突出。文章为国际金融危机后我国劳动收入份额上升的现象提供了微观解释,为更好地发挥全国统一大市场的积极效应提供了经验证据。The construction of a unified national market is the core content of perfecting the socialist market economy system.However,there is no definite conclusion in the academic circle as to how the unified national market affects factor income distribution and whether it is consistent with the goal of common prosperity.Based on the quasi-natural experiment constructed by Anti-Monopoly Law,this paper adopts the micro data of listed enterprises from 2004 to 2020and investigates the distribution effect of constructing a unified national market on factor income.The results show that:(1)The construction of a unified national market effectively increases the labor income share of enterprises in China,and the gradual tilting of the labor-capital power contrast towards labor factors is an important reason for this result.(2)Mechanism analysis shows that the construction of a unified national market enhances the bargaining power of workers by weakening the market power of enterprises and facilitating the channels for the smooth flow of factors,thereby increasing the labor income share of enterprises.(3)Heterogeneity analysis shows that the factor income distribution effect of constructing a unified domestic market is more prominent in the central and western regions,where the degree of administrative monopoly is higher and the degree of marketization is lower,as well as in non-state-owned enterprises,which are more market-oriented.This paper provides a micro-explanation for the phenomenon of rising labor income share in China after the financial crisis and provides empirical evidence for better utilizing the positive effect of a unified national market.

关 键 词：全国统一大市场 劳动收入份额 行政垄断 

分 类 号：F047[经济管理—政治经济学]