TA5钛合金万瓦光纤激光焊接工艺研究  

Study on High Power Fiber Laser Welding Technology of TA5 Titanium Alloy

作　　者：雷小伟[1] 刘甲 余巍[1] 陈利阳 马照伟 符成学 Lei Xiaowei;Liu Jia;Yu Wei;Chen Liyang;Ma Zhaowei;Fu Chengxue(Luoyang Ship Material Research Institute,Luoyang 471000,China)

机构地区：[1]洛阳船舶材料研究所,河南洛阳471000

出　　处：《稀有金属材料与工程》2024年第2期417-423,共7页Rare Metal Materials and Engineering

基　　金：郑洛新自创区专项(201200211400)。

摘　　要：采用10 mm TA5钛合金,开展了万瓦级光纤激光焊接工艺研究。焊接过程高速摄影表明,当激光功率达到3~4 kW时,羽辉严重,飞溅及烟尘增加明显;不同功率焊缝截面形貌试验表明,较低焊接功率时,焊缝截面呈“楔形”,当激光功率达到6 kW以上时焊缝截面过渡为“漏斗形”。采用激光功率为10~11 k W,焊接速度为1100~1500 mm/min的工艺得到成型优良的“小孔型”焊接试板,焊缝变为具有较大深宽比的典型的高能束形貌,深宽比达到2:1,对焊缝进行射线和渗透检测,满足无损检测标准要求;对焊接接头进行力学性能和工艺性能测试,结果表明:焊接接头强度可达800 MPa,弯曲测试能够满足标准,断口韧窝明显,为韧性断裂;金相测试显示,焊缝区截面为“束腰”形貌,柱状晶区明显,各柱状晶区有明显的竞争生长模式。焊缝区主要为锯齿状α+点状β。硬度检测显示,焊缝区相比母材硬度略有升高,热影响区硬度最低,满足钛合金接头硬度要求。High power fiber laser welding was conducted on TA5 titanium alloy with 10 mm in thickness.High speed photography was used to investigate the effect of the laser welding plume on the welding process.The results show that when the laser power reaches 3-4 kW,the plume become serious,and the splash and soot increase obviously in amount.The weld metallography test manifests that the weld section is“wedge-shaped”when the laser power is low,while the weld section becomes“funnel shaped”when the laser power is larger than 6 kW.When the laser power is 10-11 kW,and the welding speed is 1100-1500 mm/min,an excellent“keyhole”welding joint is obtained,and the welding seam is of typical high-energy beam joint shape with a large ratio of depth to width up to 2:1.RT and PT tests show that the weld seam can satisfy NDT(non-destructive test)standard.The mechanical test indicates that the strength of the welded joints can reach 800 MPa,which can meet the bending standard.The fracture dimple is obvious,which indicates its ductile fracture.Metallographic test exhibits that the section of weld zone is“girdle-shaped”morphology and the columnar crystal zones are obvious,with an obvious competitive growth of mode of each columnar crystal zone.The weld zone is mainly composed of serratedα+punctateβ.The hardness test shows that the hardness of the weld zone is slightly higher than that of base metal,and that of the heat-affected zone is the lowest,which can satisfy the hardness requirements of titanium alloy joints.

关 键 词：TA5钛合金 大功率激光焊 焊缝截面形貌 接头性能 

分 类 号：TG456.7[金属学及工艺—焊接] TG146.23[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]