铝锂合金压铆壁板残余应力与疲劳性能分析  

Analysis of Residual Stress and Fatigue Performance of Al-Li Alloy Riveted Panel

作　　者：丁坤英 杨翼飞 张涛 郭万森 Ding Kunying;Yang Yifei;Zhang Tao;Guo Wansen(Tianjin Key Laboratory for Civil Aircraft Airworthiness and Maintenance,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China)

机构地区：[1]中国民航大学天津市民用航空器适航与维修重点实验室,天津300300

出　　处：《稀有金属材料与工程》2024年第2期474-482,共9页Rare Metal Materials and Engineering

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费重点项目(3122019189)。

摘　　要：作为新型轻质合金材料,铝锂合金已被广泛应用于飞机蒙皮、壁板等结构的制造。飞机蒙皮与壁板之间通过自动压铆的方式进行连接,压铆后孔周残余应力的分布形式与压铆结构的疲劳性能息息相关。本研究使用ABAQUS软件建立了2060-T8铝锂合金壁板压铆过程的有限元模型,通过有限元分析发现了压铆后铆孔壁面上的残余应力由靠近镦头处到靠近钉头处逐渐降低的分布规律。随着压铆力由28.5 k N增大至46 k N,铆钉材料为2117-T4的压铆壁板孔壁平均残余应力提高了0.33倍,残余应力沿壁板厚度上分布的均匀度提升1.8倍;铆钉材料为7050-T73的压铆壁板孔壁平均残余应力提高0.58倍,残余应力沿壁板厚度上分布的均匀度提升1.84倍。疲劳裂纹萌生于铆接下板孔壁附近,随着压铆力由32.5 k N增大至42 k N,铆钉材料为2117-T4的压铆壁板疲劳寿命提升了0.31~0.8倍,铆钉材料为7050-T73的压铆壁板疲劳寿命提升0.06~1.61倍。相比于铆钉材料为7050-T73的压铆壁板,相同工艺条件下铆钉材料为2117-T4的压铆壁板疲劳寿命提升0.12~0.44倍。As a new light alloy material,Al-Li alloy has been widely used in the manufacture of aircraft skin wall panel and other structures.The aircraft skin and wall panel are connected by automatic riveting,and the distribution of residual stress around the rivet hole after the riveting process is closely related to the fatigue performance of the riveting structure.In this study,the finite element model of the press riveting process of the 2060-T8 Al-Li alloy plate was established by ABAQUS software.It is found that the residual stress on the wall of the rivet hole after riveting decreases from the place close to the rivet head to the place close to the rivet head.With the pressure riveting force increasing from 28.5 to 46 kN,the average residual stress of the hole wall of the riveted plate with the rivet material of 2117-T4 is increased by 0.33 times,and the uniformity of the residual stress distribution along the thickness of the wall plate is increased by 1.8 times.The average residual stress of the hole wall of the riveted plate with 7050-T73 rivet material is increased by 0.58 times,and the uniformity of the residual stress distribution along the thickness of the wall plate is increased by 1.84 times.The fatigue crack originates near the hole wall of the riveted lower plate.With the increase in the riveting force from 32.5 kN to 42 kN,the fatigue life of the riveted plate with the rivet material of 2117-T4 is increased by 0.31-0.80 times,and the fatigue life of the riveted plate with the rivet material of 7050-T73 is increased by 0.06-1.61 times.Compared with the riveted plate with rivet material of 7050-T73,the fatigue life of the riveted plate with rivet material of 2117-T4 under the same process conditions is increased by 0.12-0.44 times.

关 键 词：自动压铆 有限元分析 残余应力 疲劳性能 

分 类 号：TG146.21[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TG498[金属学及工艺—金属材料]