不同氮用量对香稻幼苗生长及生理指标的影响  

Effects of Different Nitrogen Amounts on Growth and Physiological Indexes of Fragrant Rice Seedlings

作　　者：郭宇坤 张燕飞 野金花[2] 李佳擎 金智慧 苗宇航 吕艳东 郭晓红 Guo Yukun;Zhang Yanfei;Ye Jinhua;Li Jiaqing;Jin Zhihui;Miao Yuhang;Lyu Yandong;Guo Xiaohong(College of Agriculture,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University/Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Cultivation Technology and Crop Germplasm Improvement,Daqing 163319,China;College of Science,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing 163319,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学农学院/黑龙江省现代农业栽培技术与作物种质改良重点实验室,黑龙江大庆163319 [2]黑龙江八一农垦大学理学院,黑龙江大庆163319

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2024年第3期78-85,共8页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：东北粳稻遗传改良与优质高效生产省部共建协同创新开放课题(KF2022-02);黑龙江省高等教育教学改革工程项目(SJGY20220466);黑龙江省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202310223156X)。

摘　　要：为探究不同用量氮对香稻苗期生长和生理指标的影响,本试验在砂培条件下以香粳稻品种稻花香2号为试材,设置N20(20 mg/L)、N30(30 mg/L)、N40(40 mg/L)、N50(50 mg/L)、N60(60 mg/L)共5个氮浓度处理,研究其对香稻苗期生长和叶片氮代谢关键酶活性、抗氧化酶活性、可溶性蛋白含量等的影响,并对与氮素水平显著相关的指标和形态学指标进行Z分综合评价。结果表明,随着外源氮浓度的升高,叶片硝酸还原酶(NR)、亚硝酸还原酶(NIR)、谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)、谷氨酸脱氢酶(GDH)和谷氨酸合成酶(GOGAT)活性和可溶性蛋白含量均呈先上升后下降的变化趋势,且均于N50处理下最高。随着氮浓度升高,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性呈现先下降后上升的趋势,SOD活性在N40处理下最低,POD活性在N30处理下最低。丙二醛(MDA)含量低氮(30 mg/L以下)处理显著高于高氮(40 mg/L以上)处理。N40~N60处理的相关指标综合评价的总和(∑Z_(i))为正值,其中,N50处理水平的∑Z_(i)值最高,为10.201。综合来看,40~60 mg/L氮素可以保证稻花香2号苗期生长发育的正常进行,但低于或者高于50 mg/L均会对氮代谢相关酶活性产生一定抑制,并且低于40 mg/L会显著增加幼苗叶片MDA的积累,故50 mg/L的氮最有益于稻花香2号幼苗的生长发育。In order to explore the effects of different nitrogen application amounts on growth and physio-logical indexes of fragrant rice at seedling stage,the experiment was conducted under sand culture conditions with fragrant japonica rice variety Daohuaxiang 2 as test material.Five nitrogen treatments were set as N20(20 mg/L),N30(30 mg/L),N40(40 mg/L),N50(50 mg/L)and N60(60 mg/L),and their effects on growth of fragrant rice seedlings and activities of key enzymes related to nitrogen metabolism and antioxidant enzymes and soluble protein content in leaves were studied.The Z-score comprehensive evaluation was also carried out based on the indicators significantly related to nitrogen level and the morphological indexes.The re-sults showed that with the increase of exogenous nitrogen concentration,the activities of nitrate reductase(NR),nitrite reductase(NIR),glutamine synthetase(GS),glutamate dehydrogenase(GDH)and gluta-mate synthetase(GOGAT)and the soluble protein content increased firstly and then decreased,and all of them were the highest in N50 treatment.With the increase of nitrogen concentration,the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and peroxide dismutase(POD)showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing with the lowest value in N40 and N30 treatments respectively.Malondialdehyde(MDA)content at low nitrogen lev-el(below 30 mg/L)was significantly higher than that at high nitrogen levels(above 40 mg/L).The compre-hensive evaluation value(ΣZ_(i))of N40,N50 and N60 treatments were positive,and that of N50 treatment was the highest(10.201).In general,40~60 mg/L nitrogen could ensure the normal growth and development of Daohuaxiang 2 seedlings.But below or over 50 mg/L nitrogen inhibited nitrogen metabolism-related enzymes activities,and below 40 mg/L nitrogen significantly increased the accumulation of MDA.It concluded that 50 mg/L nitrogen was the most benefit to the growth and development of Daohuaxiang 2 rice seedlings.

关 键 词：香稻 氮用量 生长发育 氮代谢关键酶 抗氧化指标 苗期 

分 类 号：S511.01[农业科学—作物学]