基于全基因组信息的“柑”“橘”定义、分类与演化  

The definition,classification and evolution of citrus based on whole genome sequence information

作　　者：徐强[1] 黄跃[1] 邓秀新[1] XU Qiang;HUANG Yue;DENG XiuXin(National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation&Utilization of Horticultural Crops,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学,果蔬园艺作物种质创新与利用全国重点实验室,武汉430070

出　　处：《中国科学：生命科学》2024年第3期525-536,共12页Scientia Sinica(Vitae)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:31925034);国家重点研发计划(批准号:2022YFF1003100);中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金(批准号:2662022PY006);湖北省博士后创新研究岗位资金(批准号:307812)资助。

摘　　要：柑橘是全球广泛种植的经济作物之一.柑橘种间甚至属间可以杂交,且无性系变异普遍,形成多样性高、遗传关系复杂的物种群.柑橘的分类也成为植物科学难点.本研究收集迄今为止种类最全面的柑橘全基因组数据,对各种柑橘类型的特点、遗传成分与比例进行精确的分析,把橘、柚及其杂种分成5个类型,并进行定义.以“沃柑”和“红美人”两个品种为例解析柑橘杂交历程和遗传组分变化,并推测橘从驯化之后的传播路线.本文对柑橘物种分类和起源地、“柑”和“橘”的遗传异同、以及橘的传播与演化进行讨论.研究结果基于全基因组信息提出一个比较客观的柑橘分类,为种质资源的利用提供框架.Citrus is one of the most widely grown economic crops in the world.The wide sexual compatibility on inter-specific and even intergeneric level and the prevalent asexual variation of Citrus have led to the formation of the highly diverse and complex genetic background of citrus species.The classification of Citrus has also become one of the most challenging topics in plant science.In this study,we collected the most comprehensive genome sequencing data of Citrus so far for a precise analysis of the genetic composition and proportions of various varieties.We divided mandarin,pummelo and their hybrids into five types,and assigned a definition for each group.Then,using“Orah”and“Beni Madonna”as examples,we analyzed the genomic changes along with the breeding history of Citrus,and proposed the dispersal route of mandarin after domestication.We discussed the classification and origin of Citrus species and the genetic differences between“gan”and“ju”,and also discussed the migration and evolution of mandarin.We proposed an objective classification of Citrus based on whole genome information,which provided a framework for the utilization of germplasm resources.

关 键 词：柑橘 分类 起源 基因组 

分 类 号：S666[农业科学—果树学]