数控刀片生产常见缺陷与工艺控制  

Common Defects and Process Control of Hard Metal CNC Insert

作　　者：傅声华 陈维财 肖森 刘鑫 吴益群 Fu Shenghua;Chen Weicai;Xiao Sen;Liu Xin;Wu Yiqun(Chongyi Zhangyuan Tungsten Industry Co.,Ltd.,Ganzhou,Jiangxi 341300,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]崇义章源钨业股份有限公司

出　　处：《工具技术》2024年第3期92-96,共5页Tool Engineering

摘　　要：硬质合金是由硬质相和黏结相组成,并通过粉末冶金方法制备的复合材料,具有硬度高、强度高、耐磨性好、导热性好等一系列优异的材料特性,被广泛应用于金属切削加工领域。随着行业转型和升级,市场对机床装备及刀具的性能要求日益增高,高性能精密可转位数控刀具呈现出迅速替代传统切削刀具的发展趋势,在总结硬质合金可转位刀片生产过程渗碳、脱碳、裂纹、刃口毛刺、腐蚀等常见缺陷及原因分析的基础上,提出了工艺改进对策:通过提高配碳精度和减少氧化可以有效降低渗碳、脱碳,提高钴磁的一致性;通过增加研磨时间可以改善粗晶聚集情况;通过调整压制参数和改善压坯密度分布,可以有效降低裂纹的出现;通过提高模具和冲头配合精度可以降低毛刺;通过使用弱碱性溶剂以及在合金中添加Ni,Cr可以改善表面腐蚀。Cemented carbide is a composite material made by powder metallurgy method,which consists of hard and binder phases.It has a series of excellent material properties,such as high hardness,high strength,good wear resistance and good thermal conductivity,and is widely used in the field of metal cutting,with the transformation and upgrading of the industry,the market requirements for machine tool equipment and tool performance are increasing,the high-performance precision indexable CNC tool will take the place of the traditional cutting tool rapidly.In this paper,the common defects of carbide indexable inserts and their reasons are summarized,such as carburization,decarburization,crack,burr and corrosion.The improvement measures are put forwards as follows:the carburization and decarburization can be effectively reduced by increasing the precision of carbon distribution and decreasing the oxygen absorption in the process,and the consistency of cobalt magnetic field can be improved by increasing the grinding time.By adjusting pressing parameters and improving the density distribution of compacts,the crack can be reduced effectively,and the burr can be reduced by improving the precision of die and punch.The surface corrosion could be improved by adding Ni and Cr to the alloy in weak basic solvent.

关 键 词：硬质合金 数控刀片 裂纹 工艺控制 

分 类 号：TG711[金属学及工艺—刀具与模具] TG135.5[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TH162[金属学及工艺—合金]