万宁小海表层沉积物中重金属物质的空间分布特征及生态风险分析  

Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Ecological Risk Analysis of Heavy Metals in Surface Sediments of Xiaohai Lagoon of Wanning-sea

作　　者：谢海群 孙婆援 庞巧珠 邢孔敏 陈晓慧 梁计林 XIE Haiqun;SUN Poyuan;PANG Qiaozhu;XING Kongmin;CHEN Xiaohui;LIANG Jilin(Hainan Academy of Ocean and Fisheries Sciences,Haikou,Hainan 571126,China)

机构地区：[1]海南省海洋与渔业科学院,海口571126

出　　处：《中国无机分析化学》2024年第5期538-546,共9页Chinese Journal of Inorganic Analytical Chemistry

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(321QN0960)。

摘　　要：为了解万宁小海海域表层沉积物重金属污染状况,2020年5月在小海潟湖采集18个沉积物样品,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法同时测定5种重金属含量,采用原子荧光光度计测定总汞和砷,并分析归纳出重金属分布特征。采用Hakanson的潜在生态风险指数法识别小海表层沉积物潜在生态风险程度,以及运用富集系数和地累积法进一步评价小海表层沉积物重金属的污染程度。结果表明:Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr、Hg和As含量平均值分别为7.26、27.08、75.06、0.16、38.43、0.054、4.66 mg/kg,均符合第一类海洋沉积物质量标准;7种元素的潜在生态风险程度依序为Hg>Cd>Pb>As>Cu>Cr>Zn,其中Hg和Cd为主要潜在生态危害因子,其综合潜在生态风险等级已达到中等级风险;富集系数评价和地质累积系数评价污染程度依次为Cd>Hg>Pb>Zn>Cr>As>Cu;表层沉积物中TOC含量与Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd和Cr含量存在显著正相关,与粒度呈一定的负相关。In order to understand the heavy metals pollution in surface marine sediments of Xiaohai lagoon in Wanning,18 sediment samples were collected in Xiaohai lagoon in May 2020.The content of five heavy metals was simultaneously determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS).The total content of Hg and As were measured by atomic fluorescence photometer,and the distribution characteristics of heavy metals were analyzed and summarized.The potential ecological risk index method of Hakanson was used to identify the potential ecological risk degree of Xiaohai Lagoon surface sediments,and concentration coefficient and ground accumulation method were used to further evaluate the pollution degree of heavy metals in Xiaohai lagoon surface sediments.The results showed that the average concentrations of Cu,Pb,Zn,Cd,Hg and As in the surface sediment were 7.26,27.08,75.06,0.16,38.43,0.054 and 4.66 mg/kg.The sediment quality of Xiaohai lagoon met the first class of marine sediment quality standard.The potential ecology risk index of 7 elements was in the order of Hg>Cd>Pb>As>Cu>Cr>Zn.Among them,Hg and Cd were the major potential ecology risk factors.The comprehensive potential ecological risk level in Xiaohai reached the medium level.The evaluation of enrichment index and index of geoaccumulation(Igeo)showed the following order:Cd>Hg>Pb>Zn>Cr>As>Cu.The correlation analysis of heavey metals and TOC in the surface sediment showed that the TOC was significantly positive correlated with Cu,Pb,Zn,Cd and Cr,and a certain negative correlated with granularity.

关 键 词：ICP-MS 小海 重金属 分布特征 生态风险 

分 类 号：O657.63[理学—分析化学] O657.31[理学—化学]