失音病名考略  

Textual research on the names of aphonia

作　　者：王梓禾 孙岩[2] 吴承艳[1] WANG Zihe;SUN Yan;WU Chengyan(Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine,Nanjing 210023,China;School of Rehabilitation Medicine,Henan University of Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou 450058,China)

机构地区：[1]南京中医药大学,南京210023 [2]河南中医药大学康复学院,郑州450058

出　　处：《中华中医药杂志》2024年第3期1445-1448,共4页China Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy

基　　金：国家社会科学基金冷门绝学研究专项(No.20VJXG032);江苏省研究生创新课题(No.KYCX22_1864)。

摘　　要：失音是临床的常见疾病,其称谓众多,命名混乱,导致临床认识不清。为了厘清相似病名间的异同,探究失音病名的发展过程,文章选取“瘖”“哑”“嘶”“嗄”等常见失音相关名词,考证诠释其字义内涵;并梳理相关医籍文献,再现失音病名的源流演变。先秦两汉时期失音病名初现,多以症候特点命名;晋唐时期,命名上开始与病因病机、病证结合;宋金元时期,失音命名继承发展前朝之法,趋于丰富;明清时期,失音涉及广泛,出现了诸多特殊的病名,尤其是“喉瘖”的出现,从病位上将舌强不语与失音完全区分。Aphonia(loss of voice)is a common clinical disorder with numerous names and thus confusing naming,leading to unclear clinical understanding and diagnosis.In order to clarify the similarities and differences between similar disease names and explore the development process of aphonia disease names,in this paper,we selected such aphonia-related characters as‘yin'(瘖),‘ya’(哑),‘si’(嘶),‘sha'(嗄)and others to research and interpret their meanings.The paper also reviewed the relevant medical literature to represent the origin and evolution of aphonia names.In the pre-Qin and Han dynasties,the names of aphonia first appeared,mostly named after the characteristics of the disease;during the Jin and Tang dynasties,the naming began to be combined with the etiology,pathogenesis,and syndrome;during the Song,Jin and Yuan dynasties,aphonia naming inherited and developed the method of the previous dynasties,and tended to be enriched by combining various factors;In the Ming and Qing dynasties,aphonia was related to many diseases,there were many special aphonia names,especially the appearance of Houyin',which completely differentiated the stiff tongue and aphonia from the disease location.

关 键 词：失音 病名 失音相关名词 古医籍 源流 

分 类 号：R276.1[医药卫生—中医五官科学]