热处理工艺对铜电缆组织及性能的影响  

Effect of Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Properties of Copper Cable

作　　者：陈威[1] 祝平 徐恩光 汪勇 陈静 徐静 陈兴武 李华强[4] CHEN Wei;ZHU Ping;XU Enguang;WANG Yong;CHEN Jing;XU Jing;CHEN Xingwu;LI Huaqiang(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Shanxi University of Science&Technology,Xi'an 710021,China;CSSC No.12 Research Institute,Xingping 713102,China;Far East Cable Co.,Ltd.,Yixing 214200,China;State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学机电工程学院,陕西西安710021 [2]中国船舶集团有限公司第十二研究所,陕西兴平713102 [3]远东电缆有限公司,江苏宜兴214200 [4]西安交通大学电气绝缘与电力设备国家重点实验室,陕西西安710049

出　　处：《热加工工艺》2024年第5期77-83,共7页Hot Working Technology

基　　金：校企合作项目(2021)。

摘　　要：针对当前新能源汽车充电电缆中铜导线强度与导电率难以兼顾的难题,采用不同工艺对常用充电电缆的铜线导体(φ0.8 mm)进行再结晶退火处理,旨在优化其力学性能与电学性能。结果表明:拉拔态铜线具有较高的强度(抗拉强度R_(m)=385 MPa),较低的电学性能(导电率σ=99.4%IACS),以及较低的弯折性能(136次)。对拉拔态铜线进行不同温度(180、200、220、550、800℃)及保温时间(30 min、18 s、8 s)退火并测量样品的力学性能和导电率,发现在200℃×30 min退火后样品具有较好的综合性能,导电率增大至103.3%IACS,弯折性能增大至318次。再结晶退火使铜线内部的微观结构发生明显变化,性能的变化与微观组织的变化息息相关。Aiming at the challenges associated with balancing the strength and conductivity of the copper conductor in the current charging cable for new energy vehicles,the recrystallizing and annealing treatment for the copper conductor(φ0.8 mm)of the prevalent charging cable was carried out to employ distinct processes.The objective is to enhance its mechanical and electrical properties.The results show that the drawn copper wire exhibits superior strength(tensile strength R_(m)=385 MPa),inferior electrical properties(conductivityσ=99.4%IACS),and inferior bending properties(136 times).Annealing for subjecting the drawn copper wire at varying temperatures(180℃,200℃,220℃,550℃and 800℃)and holding times(30 min,18 s,8 s)and examining the mechanical properties and electrical conductivity of the sample,it is observed that the sample demonstrates improved overall properties following annealing at 200℃×30 min,the conductivity elevates to 103.3%IACS,the bending performance enhances to 318 times.Recrystallization annealing triggers a notable transformation in the microstructure of the copper wire,and the alteration of properties is intimately linked to the change in microstructure.

关 键 词：新能源充电电缆 退火 微观结构 力学性能 电学性能 

分 类 号：TG156.2[金属学及工艺—热处理]