Rh抗原分型和抗体筛选对临床输血安全的意义  

Clinical significance of Rh phenotype detection and antibody screening in blood transfusion safety

作　　者：井忠翠 葛东梅[1] 郭明贞 王海燕[1] 杨元铭[1] 高凯旋 董永[1] JING Zhongcui;GE Dongmei;GUO Mingzhen;WANG Haiyan;YANG Yuanming;GAO Kaixuan;DONG Yong(Department of Blood Transfusion,the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University,Qingdao,266000,China;Clinical Laboratory,Women and Children's Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University)

机构地区：[1]青岛大学附属医院输血科,山东青岛266000 [2]青岛大学附属妇女儿童医院检验科

出　　处：《临床血液学杂志》2024年第2期132-134,140,共4页Journal of Clinical Hematology

摘　　要：为了分析本地区献血者Rh表型分布频率和患者抗体筛选结果,探讨对献血者和受血者常规Rh抗原表型检测在疑难配血及临床输血安全中的意义,选择7 939例RhD阳性献血者进行常规Rh抗原表型检测,对904例不规则抗体筛查阳性患者进行抗体鉴定分析。在7 939例RhD阳性献血者的Rh抗原中,共检测出8种表型;在904例抗体鉴定结果中,单一抗体809例(89.49%),混合抗体67例(7.41%),自身抗体20例(2.21%),类同种特异性自身抗体8例(0.88%);Rh血型系统抗体共531例(58.74%),67例混合抗体中,64例为Rh系统合并其他血型系统抗体共同存在,占比高达95.52%。因此,对献血者和受血者常规Rh抗原分型检测,建立Rh表型库,为患者选择表型相合的红细胞输注,可减少Rh抗体的产生,保障输血安全。To analyze the clinical significance of Rh antigen typing detection and irregular antibody for the incompatibility in blood cross matching to ensure the safety of blood transfusion,a total of 7939 blood donors'samples were detected by Rh blood group antigen test card to establish Rh phenotype database.A total of 876 irregular antibody screening positive patients were tested to identify antibody specificity.As a result,in these 7939 samples with RhD positive blood group,eight kinds of Rh blood group phenotypes were detected.In the 904 patients with irregular antibody screening positive,531 cases(58.74%)were in Rh system.809 samples(89.49%)were single antibody and 67 cases(7.41%)were mixed antibody,20 cases(2.21%)were autoantibodies and 8 cases(0.89%)were mimicking antibodies.Of 67 mixed antibodies,64 cases were in Rh system combined with other blood group system antibodies,accounting for up to 95.52%.Consequently,establishment of Rh phenotype database of patients and blood donors and blood transfusion with the same phenotype may reduce the production of Rh antibodies,increase the rate of compatibility and promote the safety of blood transfusion.

关 键 词：Rh抗原分型 不规则抗体 抗体鉴定 疑难配血 

分 类 号：R457.1[医药卫生—治疗学]