建成环境影响公共健康的国内外比较研究及启示  

Comparison of Domestic and Foreign Studies on the Impact of Built Environment on Public Health and Its Implications

作　　者：李珊 张林 李建军[1] 陈婷婷[2] 陈锦棠 Li Shan;Zhang Lin;Li Jianjun;Chen Tingting;Chen Jintang(School of Architecture and Urban Planning,Guangzhou University,Guangzhou 510006,China;School of Geography and Planning,China Regional Coordinated Development and Rural Construction Institute,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510275,China)

机构地区：[1]广州大学建筑与城市规划学院,广州510006 [2]中山大学地理科学与规划学院//中国区域协调发展与乡村建设研究院,广州510275

出　　处：《热带地理》2024年第4期569-582,共14页Tropical Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42301182);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金项目(2022A1515110331);广州大学“2+5”学科与科研创新平台科研项目(PT252022023)。

摘　　要：建成环境对公众身心健康产生复杂影响,揭示城市建成环境对公共健康的影响机制与作用路径,可为建成环境优化提供依据,降低环境污染、社会交往及体力活动缺失等引发的健康风险。西方研究起步较早,国内正处于探索阶段,通过对国内外相关研究进行比较,有助于厘清该领域研究的发展脉络,找出共同问题与特征,把握国内研究的提升方向。因此,文章基于WOS、CNKI数据库,筛选2000—2022年城乡规划、地理科学、健康医学、环境心理学等领域关于建成环境影响公共健康的658篇中英文献,借助Citespace软件对其理论脉络、研究内容及前沿趋势等进行计量分析与梳理。研究发现,中西方学界在理论创新、关注群体与研究内容等方面存在差异。具体地,国际研究率先提出社会福利与环境公正等理论视角,并在理论指导下挖掘建成环境对公共健康在多元群体的影响机制;而国内研究在理论创新上相对不足,侧重引入西方理论在中国展开实证应用,多关注其对老年群体与女性群体影响的传导路径,且实证以静态研究为主,缺乏动态性。Built environments have complex effects on the public's physical and mental health.Revealing the mechanisms and pathways through which the urban built environment influences public health can provide a basis for optimizing built environments.This helps avoid issues,such as environmental pollution,lack of social interaction,and insufficient physical activity,ultimately contributing to the enhancement of public health.Western academia has a more established foundation for research,whereas domestic endeavors are currently in the exploratory phase.A comparative analysis of relevant domestic and international studies can help elucidate the developmental trajectory of research in this field,identify common issues and characteristics,and guide the direction for advancing domestic research.Therefore,based on the Web of Science and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases,this study systematically reviewed 658 English and Chinese studies published from 2000 to 2022 in the fields of urban and rural planning,geographic sciences,health medicine,and environmental psychology,focusing on the impact of the built environment on public health.Utilizing"Citespace"software,this study conducted a quantitative analysis and systematic review of the theoretical framework,study topics,and emerging trends in the research.The findings revealed disparities between Western and Chinese academies in terms of theoretical innovation,study groups,and research content.Specifically,international studies have pioneered theoretical perspectives,such as social welfare and environmental justice.Guided by these theories,researchers have explored the mechanisms through which the built environment affects public health in diverse population groups.Although domestic studies exhibit a relative lack of theoretical innovation,their primary focus has been the introduction and empirical application of Western theories in the Chinese context.These studies often concentrate on the transmission paths of the impacts on the older and women groups through st

关 键 词：建成环境 公共健康 健康地理 城市规划 比较研究 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计] R12[医药卫生—环境卫生学]