“老漂族”返乡自我养老选择的影响机制研究  

Study on the Influence Mechanism of“Old Drifters”Choosing to Return Home for Self-supporting

作　　者：汪永涛[1] WANG Yongtao(China Youth Research Center,Beijing 100089,China)

机构地区：[1]中国青少年研究中心,北京100089

出　　处：《贵州师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第2期58-67,共10页Journal of Guizhou Normal University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“老漂族”现象的家庭社会学研究(20BSH036)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：城市化进程的加快导致大量老年人进城照顾孙辈、料理家务,“老漂族”群体由此产生。随着老龄化现象的加剧,“老漂族”养老日渐成为一个新的社会问题。根据个人生命周期和养老空间选择的双重维度,“老漂族”的养老方式可分为四种类型:返乡自我养老、返乡家庭养老、进城抚育式养老和进城家庭养老。大部分“老漂族”更愿意选择返乡自我养老,而他们选择这种养老方式的影响机制包括三个方面:第一,利他主义心理,“老漂族”认为自己是家庭负担,返乡自我养老能减轻子女家庭的压力;第二,“老漂族”在城市中往往属于边缘者、弱者角色,难以形成身份认同以及获得归属感,而返乡自我养老能获得身份认同和归属感;第三,个体化的需求,“老漂族”返乡自我养老能获得独立的空间和自由的闲暇时间,并减少与子女之间的矛盾。The acceleration of urbanization has led to a large number of elderly people moving to cities to take care of grandchildren and housework,resulting in the emergence of the“Old Drifters”group.With the advancement of aging,the old-age support of the“Old Drifters”has become an increasingly prominent problem.According to the dual dimensions of personal life cycle and pension space choice,the pension mode of the“Old Drifters”can be divided into four types:returning home self-pension,returning home family pension,urban nursing pension and urban family pension.Most of the“Old Drifters”are more willing to go back to their hometown to provide for themselves,and the influencing mechanism of their choice includes three aspects:First,altruistic psychology.The“Old Drifters”think that they are a burden to their families,and returning to their hometown to provide for themselves can reduce the pressure of their children’s families;Second,the“Old Drifters”often belong to the marginal and weak roles in the city,and it is difficult to form an identity and a sense of belonging,while returning home for self-supporting can obtain an identity and a sense of belonging.The third is the unbalanced intergenerational relationship,and the“Old Drifters”can get independent space and free leisure time when they return home to support themselves,and reduce the contradiction between them and their children.

关 键 词：老漂族 返乡自我养老 家庭发展 个体化 

分 类 号：C913.6[经济管理]