几种芸苔素类农药对家蚕的毒性试验  

Toxicity Test of Several Brassinolide Pesticides on Silkworm

作　　者：华丽峰[1] 董亚茹[1] 李云芝[1] 娄齐年[1] 张凤林[1] 刘惠芬[1] HUA Lifeng;DONG Yaru;LI Yunzhi;LOU Qinian;ZHANG Fenglin;LIU Huifen(Shandong Sericultural Research Institute,Yantai Shandong 264002,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省蚕业研究所,山东烟台264002

出　　处：《北方蚕业》2024年第1期10-13,共4页North Sericulture

基　　金：山东省蚕桑产业技术体系病虫害防控岗位项目(SDAIT-18-03);山东省农业科学院农业科技创新工程项目(CXGC2023C03);财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系建设项目(CARS-18-SYZ08)。

摘　　要：芸苔素是植物生长调节剂。本文研究了14-羟基芸苔素甾醇、24-表芸苔素内酯和28-表高芸苔素内酯3种芸苔素对家蚕的毒性及对茧质的影响。结果表明:稀释1 000~16 000倍的14-羟基芸苔素甾醇和24-表芸苔素内酯药液对2-5龄家蚕未见毒性。添食稀释16 000倍的28-表高芸苔素内酯药液48 h, 2龄家蚕出现中毒症状;添食稀释4 000倍的28-表高芸苔素内酯药液24 h, 2龄和3龄家蚕出现中毒症状,48 h后4龄家蚕出现中毒症状;添食稀释1 000倍、2 000倍、3 000倍的28-表高芸苔素内酯药液24 h, 5龄家蚕出现中毒症状,但在改用正常桑叶饲喂后,中毒症状逐渐减轻并消失。稀释4 000~16 000倍的3种芸苔素药液,仅28-表高芸苔素内酯对家蚕结茧有一定影响。在农作物“一喷三防”工作中,建议使用14-羟基芸苔素甾醇和24-表芸苔素内酯。Brassinolide is a plant-growth regulator.In this study,the toxicity and cocooning effects of 14-hydroxybrassinosteroid,24-epibrassinolide and 28-epihomobrassinolide on silkworm were studied.The result showed that the 14-hydroxybrassinosteroid and 24-epibrassinolide solution diluted 1000~16000 times did not produce toxicity to the 2nd to 5th instar silkworm.The 2nd instar silkworm showed poisoning symptoms 48 h after feeding with 28-epibrassinolide diluted 16000 times.24 h after feeding 28-epihomobrassinolide solution diluted 4000-fold,the 2nd and 3rd instar silkworms exhibited poisoning symptoms,and the 4th instar silkworms showed poisoning symptoms at 48 h.After feeding with 28-epihomobrassinolide diluted by 1000,2000 and 3000 times at 24 h,the 5th instar silkworm displayed poisoning symptoms.However,the symptoms of poisoning gradually eased and disappeared when silkworms were fed normal mulberry leaves.Only 28-epibrassinolide had a certain effect on the cocooning of silkworm when the three kinds of brassinolide solutions were diluted 4000~16000 times.It is therefore recommended to use 14-hydroxy brassinosteroid and 24-epibrassinolide in the diseases control and protection of crops.

关 键 词：杀虫剂 芸苔素 家蚕 毒性 

分 类 号：S884.96[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]