碳纤维单向层合板切削损伤形成机制及加工表面质量评价  

Damage Formation and Quality Evaluation of Machining Surface of Carbon Fiber Unidirectional Laminates

作　　者：戴冠帮 张胜平 胡俊山 宣善勇 田威[2] Dai Guanbang;Zhang Shengping;Hu Junshan;Xuan Shanyong;Tian Wei(State-operated Wuhu Machinery Factory,Wuhu,Anhui 241007,China;不详;College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China)

机构地区：[1]国营芜湖机械厂 [2]南京航空航天大学机电学院

出　　处：《工具技术》2024年第1期66-73,共8页Tool Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52005259);安徽省重点研发计划(202203a05020039);中国博士后科学基金(2022M720939)。

摘　　要：为提高复合材料切削加工质量,通过正交切削试验从切削力、推力、加工表面粗糙度和切屑形成等多方面研究了纤维切削角、切削速度、切削深度对复合材料切削加工性、亚表面微观损伤及加工质量的影响规律。研究表明,纤维切削角是影响复合材料切削加工性的主要因素,逆纤维切削(θ>90°)产生的切削力比顺纤维切削(θ<90°)产生的切削力平均高7.58倍。θ=90°时纤维弯曲变形和纤维扭结使切削参数对切削力和推力的影响最显著。观察亚表面损伤形态可知,切削机理分为四种:θ=0°为界面脱黏,0°<θ<90°为剪切滑移,θ=90°为剪切断裂,90°<θ<180°为弯曲断裂。加工表面质量与切削力相关,然而,小切削深度(h=0.02mm)和中等切削速度(v=7mm/s)的耦合作用使得切削过程极不稳定,加工表面粗糙度与切削力无关。高切削速度和中等切削深度是复合材料正交切削时推荐使用的切削参数。To improve the cutting quality of composite materials,the influence of the fiber cutting angle,cutting speed and cutting depth on the machinability,subsurface microscopic damage and cutting quality of composite materials from multiple dimensions such as cutting force,thrust force,machined surface roughness and chip formation in orthogonal cutting test are investigated.The results show that the fiber cutting angle is the main factor affecting the machinability of composite materials,and average cutting force generated by inverse fiber cutting(θ>90°)is 7.58 times higher than that ofθ<90°.Atθ=90°,fiber bending deformation and fiber kinking make the effects of cutting parameters on cutting force and thrust force most significant.By observing the subsurface damage patterns,the cutting mechanism can be divided into four types:interface debonding forθ=0°,shear slip for 0°<θ<90°,shear fracture forθ=90°,and bending fracture for 90°<θ<180°.The machined surface quality is related to cutting force.However,the coupling effects of small cutting depth(h=0.02mm)and medium cutting speed(v=7mm/s)make the cutting process unstable extremely,and the surface roughness and cutting force are independent.High cutting speed and medium cutting depth are recommended for orthogonal cutting of composite materials.

关 键 词：复合材料 正交切削 切削机理 切屑形成 表面粗糙度 

分 类 号：TG501.1[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床] TH161.1[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]