脱卤杆菌介导的厌氧微生物富集菌群对1,2,4-三氯苯的降解特性  

Degradation of 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene by an anaerobic enrichment culture mediated by Dehalobacter species

作　　者：吕良华 乔文静 张晗 叶淑君 吴吉春 王水[1,2] 蒋建东 LÜLianghua;QIAO Wenjing;ZHANG Han;YE Shujun;WU Jichun;WANG Shui;JIANG Jiandong(Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering,Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environmental Science,Nanjing 210036,China;Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Prevention and Control,Nanjing 210036,China;Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology(Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs),College of Life Sciences,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China;Key Laboratory of Surficial Geochemistry(Ministry of Education),School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省环境科学研究院江苏省环境工程重点实验室,江苏南京210036 [2]江苏省土壤与地下水污染防控工程研究中心,江苏南京210036 [3]南京农业大学生命科学学院农业农村部农业环境微生物重点实验室,江苏南京210095 [4]南京大学地球科学与工程学院表生地球化学教育部重点实验室,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《地学前缘》2024年第2期472-480,共9页Earth Science Frontiers

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1802501);国家自然科学基金项目(42007214,42077174);中国博士后科学基金项目(2021M691614);江苏省“双创博士”(JSSCBS20210278);江苏省“333高层次人才培养工程”科研项目(680803125);江苏省卓越博士后计划项目(2023ZB141);江苏省地下水环境状况调查项目。

摘　　要：1,2,4-三氯苯是我国工业污染场地土壤和地下水中典型的有机污染物,具有持久性、生物蓄积性和高毒性特点,对生态环境和人体健康危害巨大。1,2,4-三氯苯密度比水大,容易迁移至深部厌氧区域,因此,开展1,2,4-三氯苯厌氧微生物降解与修复研究具有重要实际应用价值。本文通过长期富集培养,获得一份可以稳定地将1,2,4-三氯苯还原脱氯至1,4-二氯苯,再进一步还原脱氯至氯苯的厌氧菌液。通过16S rRNA基因扩增子测序及引物特异性的定量PCR实验,证明厚壁菌门的脱卤杆菌属细菌(Dehalobacter species)是1,2,4-三氯苯和1,4-二氯苯厌氧还原脱卤的功能菌株,其生长率为(1.68±0.8)×10^(6)copies·μmol^(-1)(释放的氯离子)。通过PCR扩增,获得Dehalobacter菌株的16S rRNA基因序列,构建了系统发育树。本研究可为1,2,4-三氯苯污染场地开展原位厌氧微生物修复提供菌株资源和理论指导。1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene(TCB)is a typical organic contaminant in soil and groundwater at industrial plant in China.1,2,4-TCB is recalcitrant,bio-accumulative and highly toxic,posing serious threats to the environment and human health.1,2,4-TCB is denser than water and easily penetrates into an anaerobic environment.Therefore,understanding the anaerobic biotransformation of 1,2,4-TCB is of great practical significance to on-site remediation.In this study,an anaerobic enrichment culture,which can sustainably dechlorinate 1,2,4-TCB to MCB via 1,4-DCB,is obtained.16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and qPCR demonstrated Dehalobacter is responsible for the observed reductive dechlorination with a growth yield of(1.68±0.8)×10^(6)copies perμmol released Cl-.A complete 16S rRNA gene sequence was obtained through PCR and a corresponding phylogenetic tree was constructed.This study provides a reference for the enrichment culture technique as well as theoretical guidance for the in-situ anaerobic bioremediation of contaminated sites.

关 键 词：1 2 4-三氯苯 地下水污染 生物修复 脱卤杆菌属 还原脱卤 

分 类 号：X523[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X172