温度和光照强度对强壮硬毛藻氮磷营养盐吸收效果的影响  

The Effects of Temperature and Light Intensity on Nutrient Absorption of Chaetomorpha valida

作　　者：曹金凤[1] 李秋芬[2] 黄经献[1] 罗梓峻 张传涛[1] 孙祥山[1] CAO Jinfeng;LI Qiufen;HUANG Jingxian;LUO Zijun;ZHANG Chuantao;SUN Xiangshan(Xiaying Breeding Experimental Station,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Weifang 261312,China;Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院下营增殖实验站,山东潍坊261312 [2]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《渔业科学进展》2024年第2期105-113,共9页Progress in Fishery Sciences

基　　金：中国水产科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(2022YJ11,2023TD13);国家自然科学基金(42176219);国家重点研发计划蓝色粮仓创新专项(2019YFD0020-2)共同资助。

摘　　要：为了解温度和光照对强壮硬毛藻(Chaetomorpha valida)吸收营养盐效果的影响,探索其达到最佳吸收效果的环境条件,本文研究了该藻在不同温度(5、15、25℃)和光照[90000、180000、270000μmol photons/(m^(2)·s)]条件下对海水中常见营养盐成分的吸收效果。结果显示,强壮硬毛藻在5℃以上和90000μmol photons/(m^(2)·s)光照强度以上对水体中的NH_(4)^(+)-N、NO_(2)^(-)-N和PO_(4)^(3-)-P都有较好的吸收效果,但温度和光照对强壮硬毛藻吸收营养盐均有显著影响,在设定范围内,营养盐吸收速率与温度和光照强度均呈正相关关系。极差分析结果显示,温度的影响大于光照强度的影响。方差分析结果显示,光照强度和温度的主效应都极显著,而且具有叠加效应,吸收率最高的条件为25℃/270000μmol photons/(m^(2)·s)组合,该条件下,NH_(4)^(+)-N、NO_(2)^(-)-N和PO_(4)^(3-)-P的营养盐吸收率最高,3 h吸收率分别为(99.70±0.52)%、(99.99±0.01)%和(91.31±0.32)%。该藻的广温性吸收能力对我国北方地区低温和高温季节育苗用水和养殖尾水的净化具有非常重要的意义。Chaetomorpha valida is an invasive species in shrimp and sea cucumber ponds and shallow sea areas in north China.Several studies have investigated its growth characteristics and the environmental factors required to control its bloom and avoid any harmful effects on cultured shrimp or sea cucumber.However,the possibility of utilizing these algae to remove nutrients from eutrophic seawater for breeding and maricultural waste water treatment should be explored because eutrophication has become a serious problem in near-shore sea areas and is threatening the sustainable development of mariculture and the eco-environment of oceans.Nevertheless,no study has been conducted on the nutrient absorption ability or the utilization of live C.valida,except one report on utilizing C.valida as a bio-carbon to absorb phosphate.Temperature and light intensity plays important roles in the nutrient absorption,growth,and reproduction of macroalgae.Different macroalgae species exhibit different responses to changes in temperature and light intensity.To understand the effect of temperature and light intensity on nutrient absorption of C.valida,the ability of the algae to absorb NH_(4)^(+)-N,NO_(2)^(-)-N,and PO_(4)^(3-)-P at different temperatures and light intensities was investigated and the best conditions for nutrient absorption were identified in this study.The experiments were carried out in a reformed lab with no natural light.C.valida was cultivated in nutrient-removed sea water after adding a single nutrient and under artificially controlled temperature(5,15,and 25℃)and light intensity(90000,180000,270000μmol photons/(m2·s).Three parallel groups were set up for each environmental factor,and the groups without algae were set up as control.The concentrations of NO_(2)^(-)-N,NH_(4)^(+)-N,and PO_(4)^(3-)-P were determined every hour for a total of 40 h.The results showed that C.valida exhibit significant absorption ability for NO_(2)^(-)-N,NH_(4)^(+)-N,and PO_(4)^(3-)-P under temperatures of over 5℃and light intensity of ove

关 键 词：强壮硬毛藻 营养盐吸收 温度 光照强度 海水养殖水质净化 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程]