近钻头钻压和扭矩的高精度温度补偿方法  

A High-Precision Temperature Compensation Method for Near-Bit WOB and Torque

作　　者：董添奇 杨旭辉[1] Dong Tianqi;Yang Xuhui(School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering,Yangtze University)

机构地区：[1]长江大学电子信息与电气工程学院

出　　处：《石油机械》2024年第4期71-79,共9页China Petroleum Machinery

基　　金：中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司钻采工程技术研究院项目“抗150℃近钻头工程参数测量工具的研制与试验”(CQZT-zcy-2021-JS-1053)。

摘　　要：获取近钻头工程参数对于钻井安全生产具有十分重要的意义。随着技术的发展,地面间接测量技术已无法满足实际钻井需求,通过井下直接测量的方式获取实时的钻压扭矩等参数是当前主要研究方向。为此,根据应变测量原理,提出了井下钻压扭矩参数测量的应变片粘贴方案和电桥测量方案。试验研究表明,机械结构自身的应变与外载之间存在非线性关系,并且在高温环境下非线性误差更加突出。为了提高测量数据的精度,通过简化温度、压力和电桥输出电压之间的关系,建立数学模型,利用耦合多项式变换矩阵对机械结构自身引起的变形误差进行软件补偿。试验结果表明,该方法使直接计算应变片受力的平均绝对误差从2.14033 kPa降低为0.27739 kPa,降低了约87%。该方法有效地减小了测量近钻头钻压和扭矩的误差。Obtaining near-bit engineering parameters is of great significance for safe drilling.With the development of technology,the surface indirect measurement technology can no longer meet the actual drilling needs,and obtaining real-time parameters such as WOB and torque through downhole direct measurement are currently the main research direction.In the paper,based on the principle of strain measurement,a strain gauge sticking scheme and an electric bridge measurement scheme for measuring the downhole WOB and torque parameters were proposed.The experimental study shows that there is a nonlinear relation between the strain of mechanical structure itself and external load,and the nonlinear error is more prominent in hot environment.In order to improve the accuracy of measurement data,by means of simplifying the relationship between temperature,pressure and electric bridge output voltage,a mathematical model was built,and a coupling polynomial transformation matrix was used to conduct software compensation on the deformation error caused by the mechanical structure itself.The experimental results show that this method reduces the mean absolute error of directly calculating the force on strain gauges from 2.14022 kPa to 0.27739 kPa,a decrease of about 87%.This method effectively reduces the errors in measuring near-bit WOB and torque.

关 键 词：近钻头工程参数测量 应变片 软件补偿 钻具变形 惠斯通电桥 钻压 扭矩 

分 类 号：TE921[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]