植保无人机喷施化学封顶剂不同作业参数对棉花冠层雾滴沉积的影响  

Effects of different operation parameters of spraying chemical capping agent on cotton canopy droplet deposition by plant protection UAV

作　　者：邢植 贾梦梦 崔建强 孔松 王冀川[1] 马丽 胡宝 林熬 XING Zhi;JIA Mengmeng;CUI Jianqiang;KONG Song;WANG Jichuan;MA Li;HU Bao;LIN Ao(College of Agronomy,Tarim University,Alar,Xinjiang 843300;Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology of Third Division,Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps.Tumushuker,Xinjiang 843901)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学农学院,新疆阿拉尔843300 [2]新疆生产建设兵团第三师农业科学研究所,新疆图木舒克843901

出　　处：《塔里木大学学报》2024年第1期46-58,共13页Journal of Tarim University

基　　金：新疆生产建设兵团科技创新人才计划项目(2021CB054);新疆生产建设兵团第三师图木舒克市科技计划项目(KJ2022CX04)。

摘　　要：为探索植保无人机化学封顶作业的雾滴沉积特征,本研究开展了添加助剂和无助剂的植保无人机不同作业参数的两组田间试验,每组采用两因素裂区试验设计,无人机作业高度为主区(2.0 m、2.5 m、3.0 m、3.5 m,以H1、H2、H3、H4表示),无人机飞行速度为副区(3 m s、5 m s、7 m s,以V1、V2、V3表示),测定棉花冠层上、中、下部叶片雾滴密度、雾滴沉积量和雾滴粒径特征,评价飞喷作业效果。结果表明1)上部冠层中,H2V2的雾滴密度最大,其次是H1V1,平均雾滴密度助剂组较无助剂组高21.78%;雾滴沉积量以H2V2最大,助剂组达0.3833μL cm^(2),无助剂组达0.2667μL cm^(2);H3V2、H4V1和H2V2的雾滴相对粒径谱宽度显著小于其他处理,且其助剂组的明显低于无助剂组;2)中部冠层中,H2V2的雾滴密度及雾滴沉积量最大,其次是H3V1,平均雾滴密度及助剂组雾滴沉积量较无助剂组高52.80%和123.12%;雾滴相对粒径谱宽度助剂组以H3V1最低,无助剂组以H4V3最低,其平均值助剂组较无助剂组低7.62%;3)下部冠层中,H2V2的雾滴密度最大,其次是H1V1,平均雾滴密度助剂组较无助剂组高69.10%;雾滴沉积量助剂组以H2V2最大,其次是H3V1,无助剂组以H1V1最大,其次是H2V2,其平均值助剂组较无助剂组低93.73%;雾滴相对粒径谱宽度助剂组以H2V1最低,无助剂组以H4V1最低,其平均值助剂组较无助剂组低9.10%;4)雾滴密度和雾滴沉积量随冠层加深而降低,雾滴相对粒径谱宽度则差异不大。冠层雾滴沉积总量以H2V2最大,助剂组达0.8343μL cm^(2),无助剂组为0.4221μL cm^(2),各部分雾滴沉积量CV值,助剂组以H2V2最小,无助剂组以H1V2和H2V2较小。综上所述,添加助剂且无人机作业高度为2.5 m、速度为5 m s时群体雾滴沉积量及均匀性最大,雾滴穿透性最强,可作为实际应用的参考。In order to explore the droplet deposition characteristics of the chemical capping operation of the plant protection UAV,two sets of field tests were carried out on different operation parameters of the plant protection UAV with and without additives.Each group adopted a two-factor split zone test design.The UAV operation height was the main area(2.0 m,2.5 m,3.0 m,3.5 m,represented by H1,H2,H3,H4),and the UAV flight speed was the sub-area(3 m s,5 m s,7 m s,represented by V1,V2,V3).The droplet density,droplet deposition and droplet size characteristics of the upper,middle and lower leaves of cotton canopy were measured to evaluate the effect of flying spraying.The results showed that 1)In the upper canopy,the droplet density of H2V2 was the largest,followed by H1V1,and the average droplet density of the additive group was 21.78% higher than that of the non-additive group;the droplet deposition amount was the largest in H2V2,which was 0.3833μL cm^(2) in the auxiliary group and 0.2667μL cm^(2) in the non-auxiliary group.The relative droplet size spectrum width of H3V2,H4V1 and H2V2 was significantly smaller than that of other treatments,and its auxiliary group was significantly lower than that of the non-auxiliary group.2)In the middle canopy,H2V2 gad the largest droplet density and droplet deposition,followed by H3V1.The average droplet density and droplet deposition of the auxiliary group was 51.02% and 123.12% higher than those of the non-auxiliary group;the relative droplet size spectrum width of the auxiliary group is the lowest in H3V1,and that of the non-auxiliary group is the lowest in H4V3.The average value of the auxiliary group is 7.62% lower than that of the non-auxiliary group.3)In the lower canopy,the droplet density of H2V2 was the largest,followed by H1V1.The average droplet density of the auxiliary group was 69.10% higher than that of the non-auxiliary group;for droplet deposition,H2V2 was the largest in assistant group,followed by H3V1,and H1V1 was the largest in the non-assistant group,followed

关 键 词：棉花 植保无人机 飞行参数 雾滴沉积特征 化学封顶 

分 类 号：S252.9[农业科学—农业机械化工程]