新疆上游水库浮游植物群落结构与环境因子关系  

The relationship of phytoplankton community structure and related environmental factors in upstream reservoirs of Xinjiang

作　　者：訾方泽 葛建民 王新月 刘斐 宋勇[1] 张蝶燕 林旭元 陈生熬[1] ZI Fangze;GE Jianmin;WANG Xinyue;LIU Fei;SONG Yong;ZHANG Dieyan;LIN Xuyuan;CHEN Shengao(College of Life Science and Technology,Tarim University Tarim Research Center for Rare Fishes,Alar,Xinjiang 843300;Agricultural Technology Extension Station,the first Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps.Alar,Xinjiang 843300;Fishery Techincal Extension Station,Xinjiang Production Construction Group.Urumqi,Xinjiang 830000)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学生命科学与技术学院塔里木珍稀鱼类研究中心,新疆阿拉尔843300 [2]新疆生产建设兵团第一师农业技术推广站,新疆阿拉尔843300 [3]新疆生产建设兵团水产技术推广总站,新疆乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《塔里木大学学报》2024年第1期84-92,共9页Journal of Tarim University

基　　金：新疆生产建设兵团科技局重点领域科技攻关计划项目(2022DB019);兵团农业农村局科学合理发展大水面增值渔业项目(BTSCDC20210001)。

摘　　要：本研究旨在掌握新疆上游水库浮游植物分布特征,了解库区生态情况,于2021年8月13日(丰水期)和2022年5月3日(枯水期)进行浮游植物采集,并通过冗余分析法(RDA),分析其群落结构与环境因子之间关系。结果显示:上游水库5个典型水域断面共鉴定出浮游植物6门29属40种,在门水平,两个水期中硅藻门均为主要优势种群,占总类的40.00%;其次为绿藻门和蓝藻门,占总类的27.50%、20.00%;裸藻门、金藻门和隐藻门种类较少;种水平上,优势种为梅尼小环藻、桥弯藻和谷皮菱形藻。两个水期浮游植物群落结构差异较大(P<0.05),枯水期浮游植物种类数量及生物量皆高于丰水期。通过浮游植物生物量及密度分析评价,上游水库水体呈贫营养状态。浮游生物Shannon-Wiener多样性指数为2.83,Margalef物种丰富度指数为2.97,Pielou均匀度指数为0.56。RDA结果表明电导率(EC)、水温(WT)及溶解氧(DO)是影响上游水库浮游植物群落变化的主要环境因子。本研究为新疆上游水库的可持续发展和丰富其生态多样性奠定了一定基础。This study intends to grasp the distribution characteristics of phytoplankton in upstream reservoir and understand the ecological status of the reservoir area.Phytoplankton collection was conducted on August 13,2021(high-water season)and May 3,2022(low-water season)in upstream reservoir.The relationship between phytoplankton community structure and environmental factors in upstream reservoirs explore by redundancy analysis(RDA).The results showed that a total of 29 genera and 40 species of phytoplankton in 6 phyla were identified in 5 typical water sections of the upper reservoir.At the phyla level,Bacillariophyta was the dominant population in both water periods,accounting for 40.00%of the total classes.Chlorophyta and Cyanophyta account for 27.50%and 20.00%of the full courses.Euglenophyta,Phaeothamnion,and Cryptophyta were less abundant than the above species.At the species level,the dominant species were Cyclotella meneghiniana,Cymbella sp.and Nitzschia palea.The differences in phytoplankton community structure between the two water periods were significant(P<0.05),and the number of species and biomass were higher in the low-water season than in the high-water period.The phytoplankton biomass and density analysis evaluated that the upstream reservoir was nutrient-poor.The planktonic Shannon-wiener index was 2.83,the Margalef index was 2.97,and the Pielou index was 0.56.The RDA results indicated that electrical conductivity(EC),water temperature(WT),and dissolved oxygen(DO)were the main environmental factors influencing the changes in phytoplankton communities in the upstream reservoir.This study aims to provide a scientific basis for enriching the ecological diversity of the upstream reservoir waters and maintaining their sustainable development.

关 键 词：上游水库 浮游植物 多样性 环境因子 

分 类 号：Q948.8[生物学—植物学]