青藏高原雪水比例时空变化特征  

Spatiotemporal variation characteristics of snowfall-precipitation ratio on the Tibetan Plateau

作　　者：佘王康 杨勤丽 阳坤 姜尧志 王国庆[3] SHE Wangkang;YANG Qinli;YANG Kun;JIANG Yaozhi;WANG Guoqing(School of Resources and Environment,University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,Chengdu 611731,China;Department of Earth System Science,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;National Key Laboratory of Water Disaster Prevention,Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute,Nanjing 210029,China)

机构地区：[1]电子科技大学资源与环境学院,四川成都611731 [2]清华大学地球系统科学系,北京100084 [3]南京水利科学研究院水灾害防御全国重点实验室,江苏南京210029

出　　处：《水科学进展》2024年第2期348-356,共9页Advances in Water Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2021YFC3201100);国家自然科学基金资助项目(52079026)。

摘　　要：为厘清青藏高原地区不同相态降水及其变化规律,本文基于第三极地区长时间序列(1979—2020年)高分辨率(1/30°,日)地面气象要素驱动数据集,采用基于表面高程和气象条件的雨雪识别方法,识别了青藏高原地区的降雨和降雪,分析了青藏高原雪水比例(SPR)的分布特征和时空演变规律。结果表明:①SPR空间分布差异显著,西高东低;②SPR整体呈下降趋势,平均以1.11%/(10 a)的速率显著降低;③冷、暖季均呈现降雨增加、降雪减少、SPR降低趋势,但暖季的变化速率和显著性高于冷季;④高原东西部降雪量在冷、暖季相当,高原中部以暖季降雪为主,高原暖季降雨量约占全年的90%,高原大部分地区暖季降雪占全年降雪的比例呈下降趋势(-0.29%/(10 a))。研究结果有望为区域气候变化和水科学研究提供科学依据。This study investigates the variations in precipitation phases on the Tibetan Plateau(TP)from 1979 to 2020.Utilizing the Third Pole region′s high-resolution(1/30°,daily)surface meteorological data(TPMFD)and a method based on elevation and meteorological conditions,we analyzed the snowfall-precipitation ratio(SPR)spatiotemporal characteristics on the TP.Key findings include:①Significant spatial differences in SPR,with higher values in the west and lower in the east.②An overall downward trend in SPR,decreasing at an average rate of 1.11%per decade(p<0.001).③Both cold and warm seasons exhibit increases in rainfall and decreases in snowfall and SPR.However,the rates of change are more pronounced in the warm season.④Snowfall is comparable in the cold and warm seasons in the east and west of the plateau.In contrast,the central plateau experiences predominant snowfall during the warm season.About 90%of the annual rainfall occurs in the warm season,and the proportion of warm season snowfall to annual snowfall is decreasing(-0.29%per decade)in most plateau regions.These findings provide valuable insights for regional climate change and water science research.

关 键 词：降水相态 时空变化 雪水比例 青藏高原 

分 类 号：P426.6[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]