渝东南复杂构造区常压页岩气地球物理勘探实践及攻关方向  

Practices and future research directions of geophysical exploration for normal-pressure shale gas in complex structural areas,southeastern Chongqing

作　　者：何希鹏[1] 刘明[2] 薛野[2] 李彦婧[2] 何贵松 孟庆利[2] 张勇[2] 刘昊娟 蓝加达 杨帆[2] HE Xi-Peng;LIU Ming;XUE Ye;LI Yan-Jing;HE Gui-Song;MENG Qing-Li;ZHANG Yong;LIU Hao-Juan;LAN Jia-Da;YANG Fan(East China Oil&Gas Company,SINOPEC,Nanjing210019,China;Research Institute of Exploration and Development,East China Oil&Gas Company,SINOPEC,Nanjing210019,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石化华东油气分公司,江苏南京210019 [2]中国石化华东油气分公司勘探开发研究院,江苏南京210019

出　　处：《物探与化探》2024年第2期314-326,共13页Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration

基　　金：国家科技重大专项“彭水地区常压页岩气勘探开发示范工程”(2016ZX05061);中国石化科研项目“常压页岩气地球物理评价技术研究”(P21087-3)。

摘　　要：中国南方常压页岩气资源潜力大,主要分布于四川盆地周缘构造复杂区及盆外褶皱带,具有地表、地下双复杂地质条件,地震采集品质差、成像精度低、甜点参数变化规律不清。本文系统总结了渝东南地区常压页岩气地震采集、成像处理、储层预测等方面的研究成果与技术进展:①形成了变密度三维观测系统设计技术、灰岩地表复杂山地地震激发接收技术,确保复杂地下构造反射波场充分采样,提升采集资料品质,提高施工效率。②完善了复杂山地地震叠前预处理技术、盆缘过渡带复杂构造成像技术、盆外褶皱带向斜构造成像技术,成果剖面信噪比高,有效频带宽,构造成像精度高。③基于岩石物理特征研究,实现优质页岩厚度、地层压力系数、脆性的定量预测;基于统计岩石物理,实现页岩有机碳含量、含气量、孔隙度的定量预测;利用有限元应力场模拟技术,揭示古应力场演化,实现多期构造改造叠加作用形成裂缝的定量预测;采用组合弹簧模型今应力场预测技术,明确今地应力场分布规律。通过攻关研究,有效指导了常压页岩气甜点预测与勘探开发,为南川常压页岩气田的发现提供了依据。下步应重点攻关基于5G无线节点接收的更加科学合理的地震采集技术、复杂山地高陡构造高精度自动化成像处理技术,以及“地质—工程—经济”一体化的甜点地震评价方法。Southern China boasts great potential for normal-pressure shale gas resources,with distribution areas primarily including the peripheral complex structural areas and the extrabasinal fold belts of the Sichuan Basin.These areas exhibit intricate surface and subsur-face geological conditions,leading to poor seismic acquisition quality,low imaging accuracy,and unclear varying patterns of sweet spot parameters.This study systematically summarized the research achievements and technical advances in the seismic acquisition,image processing,and reservoir prediction for normal-pressure shale gas in southeastern Chongqing,including:①The development of variable-density 3D observation system design technique and the seismic excitation and reception technique for complex mountains with limestone surfaces,ensuring sufficient sampling of the reflected wave field in complex subsurface structures and improving data quality and con-struction efficiency;②The optimization of prestack seismic preprocessing technique for complex mountains,imaging techniques for com-plex structures in basin-margin transition zones,and imaging techniques for synclinal structures in extrabasinal fold belts,achieving re-sulting profiles with high signal-to-noise ratios,wide effective frequency bands,and high structural imaging accuracy;③The quantitative prediction of the thickness,formation pressure coefficient,and brittleness of high-quality shales based on research on petrophysical char-acteristics;the quantitative prediction of the organic carbon content,gas content,and porosity of shales based on statistical petrophysics;the quantitative prediction of fractures formed due to the superimposed effect of multi-stage structural modifications based on the paleo-stress field evolution revealed using the finite element simulation technique;and the ascertainment of the distribution patterns of the cur-rent in-situ stress field using the current stress field prediction technique developed using the combined spring model.The above break-throughs have eff

关 键 词：常压页岩气 盆缘过渡带 盆外褶皱带 地震采集 成像处理 储层预测 

分 类 号：P631.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]