七星关区耕地土壤Ge地球化学特征及其与作物的吸收关系  

Ge in soils of cultivated land in Qixingguan District:Geochemical characteristics and absorption by crops

作　　者：张宏伟 杨恩林 焦树林[1] 王贵云[1] 杨善进 ZHANG Hong-Wei;YANG En-Lin;JIAO Shu-Lin;WANG Gui-Yun;YANG Shan-Jin(School of Geography&Environmental Science,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang550025,China;No.117 Geological Team,Guizhou Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development,Guiyang550018,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学地理与环境科学学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州省地质矿产勘查开发局地矿局117地质大队,贵州贵阳550018

出　　处：《物探与化探》2024年第2期534-544,554,共12页Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42362007);贵州省科技厅基础研究计划(黔科合基础[2017]1406号);贵州省自然资源厅项目(黔地矿耕调[2017]14号)。

摘　　要：掌握耕地土壤Ge含量特征及其与作物的吸收关系,对耕地Ge的开发利用及科学选种具有重要意义。为此,以贵州省七星关区土地质量地球化学调查评价项目数据为基础,统计Ge的地球化学参数,分析该区土壤Ge地球化学特征和作物对Ge的吸收规律。结果显示:七星关区耕地土壤Ge含量在(0.86~2.48)×10^(-6),平均值1.74×10^(-6),与全国土壤Ge背景值相当。通过地统计分析,圈定富Ge耕地面积65853.54 hm^(2),占全区耕地总面积的47.41%,主要分布于研究区西北和西南部。农作物对土壤Ge的生物吸收系数(Ax)均小于1%,均处于极弱摄取水平。采用相关分析等方法讨论耕地土壤富Ge成因及影响作物吸收Ge的环境因子,得出以下结论:①土壤Ge含量主要受成土母质控制,同时受到风化成土过程的影响,并在七星关区耕地有机质含量丰富和偏酸性的土壤背景下,造成土壤Ge富集;②酸性土壤中,作物对土壤Ge的生物吸收系数(Ax)与pH呈弱负相关关系,而在中—碱性土壤中,作物对土壤Ge的生物吸收系数(Ax)与pH呈正相关关系,即偏酸性土壤是导致作物对Ge生物吸收能力低的原因。Determining the content and absorption by crops of germanium(Ge)in soils of cultivated land holds great significance for the development and utilization of Ge in the land,as well as the scientific seed selection for the land.However,few studies on the Ge element in soils of cultivated land in Qixingguan District have been reported.Based on the data from a project of the geochemical investigation and evaluation of the land quality in the district,this study made statistics of geochemical parameters such as the Ge content and analyzed the geochemical characteristics of Ge in soils and the absorption of Ge by crops.The results show that the soils of cultivated land in Qixingguan District exhibit a Ge content ranging from(0.86~2.48)×10^(-6)(average:1.74×10^(-6)),which is equivalent to the background value of Ge in China.Based on the geostatistical analysis,this study determined that Ge-rich cultivated land covers an area of 65853.54 hm2,accounting for 47.41%of the total cultivated land in the district,and is primarily distributed in the northwestern and southwestern portions.The biological absorption coefficients(Ax)to Ge in soils by crops are all below 1%,suggesting an extremely low absorption level.This study explored the causes of Ge enrichment in the soils and the environmental factors affecting Ge absorption by crops using methods such as correlation analysis,drawing the following conclusions:①The Ge content in soils is principally governed by soil parent materials,accompanied by the influence of pedogenetic weathering process for soil formation.These factors,coupled with high organic matter content and slightly acidic soil,contribute to the Ge enrichment in the cultivated land of Qixingguan District;②The correlation between Ax and pH is slightly negative in acidic soils but positive in neutral to alkaline soils,implying that slightly acidic soil reduces the absorption of Ge by crops in the study area.

关 键 词：耕地土壤 Ge 地球化学特征 生物吸收 七星关区 

分 类 号：S151[农业科学—土壤学]