基于多种方法的汉江和渭河流域实际蒸发量对比研究  

Actual Evapotranspiration Comparison in Hanjiang River and Weihe River Basin Based on Multiple Methods

作　　者：李彤彤 刘登峰[1] 明广辉 韩松俊[3] 孟宪萌[4] 黄强[1] LI Tongtong;LIU Dengfeng;MING Guanghui;HAN Songjun;MENG Xianmeng;HUANG Qiang(State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China,School of Water Resources and Hydropower,Xi an University of Technology,Xi an 710048,China;Yellow River Engineering Consulting Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou 450003,China;China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China;School of Environmental Studies,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学水利水电学院,省部共建西北旱区生态水利国家重点实验室,陕西西安710048 [2]黄河勘测规划设计研究院有限公司,河南郑州450003 [3]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100038 [4]中国地质大学(武汉)环境学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《人民珠江》2024年第4期40-51,106,共13页Pearl River

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52279025、52109031、42071335)。

摘　　要：准确评估流域的实际蒸发量对揭示气候变化趋势和服务区域水资源管理具有重要意义。汉江和渭河是秦岭南北两侧半湿润区和半干旱区流域的典型代表,本研究在汉江石泉水文站以上区域和渭河北道水文站以上区域采用水量平衡法、B2015蒸发互补模型、SWAT水文模型、蒸发产品等多种方法估算并验证了流域的长系列的年实际蒸发量。研究显示:B2015蒸发互补模型在2个研究区应用效果较好,计算的实际蒸发量误差均小于10%;SWAT模型在2个研究区的日径流模拟表现都比较好,确定性系数均大于0.63。对比多个方法的结果显示,水量平衡法和SWAT模型计算的逐年实际蒸发量更接近实际值,B2015蒸发互补模型的计算值在汉江和渭河分别偏小3.79%、2.46%,TEDAC和GLDAS蒸发量产品的实际蒸发量在汉江偏大31.08%、36.54%,在渭河偏大13.72%、5.06%,在渭河的评估表现比汉江好。使用现有数据集和方法准确计算具体流域的实际蒸发量仍然是有难度的研究课题。Accurate actual evapotranspiration assessment in a basin is important for revealing climate change trends and serving regional water resources management.The Hanjiang River and Weihe River are typical representatives of semi-humid and semi-arid watersheds on the north and south sides of the Qinling Mountains.This paper estimates and verifies the mean annual actual evapotranspiration of basins in the Hanjiang River and Weihe River basins by multiple methods including the water balance method,B2015 evapotranspiration complementary model,SWAT hydrological model,and evapotranspiration data products.The results show that the B2015 evapotranspiration complementary model is well applied to both study areas,and the calculated actual evapotranspiration error is less than 10%.The SWAT model performs well in the daily runoff simulation in both study areas,and the determination coefficient is larger than 0.63.The comparison results of multiple methods show that the annual actual evapotranspiration calculated by the water balance method and the SWAT model is closer to the actual value,and the calculated values of the B2015 evapotranspiration complementary model in Hanjiang River and Weihe River are 3.79%and 2.46%smaller than the actual values respectively.The actual evapotranspiration from the TEDAC and GLDAS evapotranspiration products is 31.08%and 36.54%larger in Hanjiang River and 13.72%and 5.06%larger in Weihe River,and the evaluation performance of the two products is better in the Weihe River than that in Hanjiang River.Additionally,it is still difficult to calculate the accurate actual evapotranspiration by current datasets and methods in specific basins.

关 键 词：实际蒸发量 水文模型 互补关系 蒸发产品 

分 类 号：TV21[水利工程—水文学及水资源]